Question

A patient taking a combination of antineoplastic agents develops stomatitis. Nursing care should include actions to prevent which problem?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Inadequate nutritional intake.

Rationale :

🍽️ Stomatitis is a common side effect of antineoplastic (chemotherapy) agents, leading to painful inflammation and ulceration of the oral mucosa.

🍽️ This condition often results in difficulty chewing, swallowing, and speaking, which can significantly reduce the patient’s food and fluid intake.

🍽️ The priority nursing goal is to maintain adequate nutrition and hydration, using soft, bland foods and mouth care techniques that reduce irritation.

🍽️ Prevention of dental caries or gingival hyperplasia is not the primary concern during chemotherapy-induced stomatitis; ensuring caloric and fluid intake is.

🍽️ Diarrhea may occur with chemotherapy but is not directly related to stomatitis.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

After the venipuncture, help the patient apply a small dressing to the venipuncture site.

Rationale :

🩹 Preschool-aged children are in the initiative vs. guilt stage (Erikson) and are very concerned with body integrity and appearance.

🩹 Allowing them to participate in covering the site helps promote a sense of control, reduces anxiety, and reassures them that their body has not been "damaged."

🩹 Applying a small dressing helps visually protect the site, addressing the child’s fear of “losing” blood or having a hole in their body.

🩹 This simple action respects the child’s developmental stage and supports positive coping with potentially distressing medical procedures.

🩹 The focus should be on reassurance and involvement in a way that protects their perception of self and safety.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Feed the child pureed or soft foods.

Rationale :

🥣 After cleft palate repair, it is essential to prevent trauma to the surgical site while allowing adequate nutrition.

🥣 Pureed or soft foods minimize pressure on the suture line and reduce the risk of disrupting healing tissues.

🥣 Hard utensils, straws, bottles, and pacifiers are typically avoided, as they can damage the palate or cause pain.

🥣 Parents should be educated to spoon-feed gently without allowing the child to self-feed, as uncoordinated movements may introduce injury.

🥣 Breastfeeding may be resumed based on the provider’s guidance, but it's generally not restricted for a full month unless directed.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Encourage the child to socialize with same-aged children.

Rationale :

🧠 Children with cognitive impairment benefit greatly from peer interaction with same-aged children, which promotes social skill development, communication, and emotional growth.

🧠 Inclusion helps reduce isolation, encourages adaptive behaviors, and supports developmentally appropriate expectations and routines.

🧠 Establishing clear limits, early education, and age-appropriate sexual education are also important—but the key action here is to promote integration with peers, not segregation.

🧠 Peer interaction should be adapted to the child's functional level, but age similarity supports better modeling and preparation for real-life settings.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Level of functioning varies significantly among children with autism.

Rationale :

🧩 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a broad neurodevelopmental condition, and each child presents with a unique pattern of strengths and challenges.

🧩 Some children with ASD may be nonverbal and require lifelong support, while others may have average or above-average intelligence and function independently with minimal assistance.

🧩 Educating parents on this wide variability in functioning is essential for setting realistic expectations, pursuing individualized therapy, and avoiding harmful generalizations.

🧩 The other options reflect common misconceptions—structure is beneficial, positive reinforcement is recommended over negative, and diet does not cure autism.

🧩 A personalized, supportive approach that addresses the child’s individual developmental needs is the cornerstone of effective care.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Instruct the mother in the technique of clean intermittent catheterization.

Rationale :

🧴 Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) is the preferred method for managing a neurogenic bladder with incomplete emptying.

🧴 CIC allows for regular bladder drainage, which helps prevent urinary tract infections, hydronephrosis, and incontinence.

🧴 Teaching the mother this technique empowers her to safely manage the child’s urinary needs at home, improving quality of life and reducing complications.

🧴 Lifelong antibiotics are not first-line management and may lead to resistance. Urinary diversion is typically a last-resort intervention.

🧴 Palpation alone is not a reliable strategy for monitoring bladder emptying in neurogenic bladder. CIC is evidence-based and practical.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Evaluate their readiness to learn.

Rationale :

📚 Before beginning any teaching, especially with a pediatric patient and caregiver, the nurse must assess their readiness to learn, which includes emotional state, cognitive development, and motivation.

📚 Readiness influences how effectively the information is received, understood, and retained, particularly when introducing complex self-management tasks like diabetes care.

📚 Teaching should be tailored to their individual needs and developmental level, and readiness ensures the timing is appropriate for learning to occur.

📚 Tools like books, equipment handling, or time limits come after readiness is established, not before.

📚 Skipping this step risks overloading or overwhelming the child or parent, especially when dealing with a new diagnosis.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

An hour before meals and at bedtime.

Rationale :

🌬️ In cystic fibrosis (CF), chest physiotherapy (CPT) helps mobilize thick pulmonary secretions to improve airway clearance and gas exchange.

🌬️ Performing CPT 1 hour before meals or 2 hours after meals minimizes the risk of vomiting or aspiration, which can occur if CPT is done on a full stomach.

🌬️ Doing it before meals also helps improve appetite and oxygenation, making feeding more effective and comfortable.

🌬️ Scheduling a session at bedtime helps clear the lungs before sleep, reducing the risk of nocturnal hypoxia and improving rest.

🌬️ This timing supports optimal respiratory function, minimizes GI discomfort, and enhances overall treatment adherence in CF care.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Dust the child's room with a damp cloth every week.

Rationale :

🌿 Allergen control is critical in managing asthma triggered by environmental allergies. Dusting with a damp cloth traps particles and prevents them from becoming airborne, effectively reducing exposure to dust mites, pollen, and dander.

🌿 Using dry dusters can stir allergens into the air, worsening symptoms. Weekly cleaning routines help maintain a low-allergen environment in the child's bedroom.

🌿 Down pillows can harbor dust mites, warm mist humidifiers can increase mold growth, and cold air may trigger bronchospasm, especially during an asthma flare.

🌿 This strategy aligns with evidence-based practice for reducing asthma exacerbation frequency and severity.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Dust the child's room with a damp cloth every week.

Rationale :

💥Dust mites are a common asthma trigger, especially in children with allergies. Using a damp cloth prevents dust particles from becoming airborne, unlike dry dusting, which can aggravate symptoms. 💥This practice helps minimize aeroallergen exposure, reducing the frequency and severity of asthma exacerbations in allergic individuals. 💥Weekly cleaning is sufficient to control dust accumulation without overstimulating the immune system or creating unnecessary stress. 💥Damp cleaning methods are recommended by the CDC and environmental allergy guidelines for asthma-prone patients. 💥Combining this with other strategies like avoiding carpets and washing bedding weekly in hot water enhances allergen control.

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NACE Care of the Child

No.

1 :
A patient taking a combination of antineoplastic agents develops stomatitis. Nursing care should include actions to prevent which problem?

2 :
In consideration of the patient's body image, the nurse should take which action when performing venipuncture in a preschool-aged child?

3 :
What information should a nurse plan to give the parents of a 9-month-old infant who is to be discharged after a cleft palate repair?

4 :
What information should a nurse plan to give the parents of a child newly diagnosed with cognitive impairment (mental retardation)?

5 :
What information should a nurse plan to give the parents of a child recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder?

6 :
A patient has a neurogenic bladder with incomplete emptying. Which discharge instruction for the patient's mother should be included in the teaching plan?

7 :
The nurse plans to begin teaching a 7-year-old patient and the child's mother about diabetes management. Which action should the nurse take initially?

8 :
A 4-year-old child with a history of cystic fibrosis is hospitalized with an acute pulmonary exacerbation. His prescription includes chest physiotherapy four times a day, antibiotics via IV, and pancreatic enzymes. Which time is best for the nurse to plan for chest physiotherapy?

9 :
The nurse is exploring strategies to help a patient with multiple allergies to have less frequent and less severe exacerbations of his asthma. Which strategy is most appropriate for the nurse to teach the family?

10 :
The nurse is exploring strategies to help a patient with multiple allergies to have less frequent and less severe exacerbations of his asthma. Which strategy is most appropriate for the nurse to teach the family?

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NACE Care of the Child

No.

1 : A patient taking a combination of antineoplastic agents develops stomatitis. Nursing care should include actions to prevent which problem?

2 : In consideration of the patient's body image, the nurse should take which action when performing venipuncture in a preschool-aged child?

3 : What information should a nurse plan to give the parents of a 9-month-old infant who is to be discharged after a cleft palate repair?

4 : What information should a nurse plan to give the parents of a child newly diagnosed with cognitive impairment (mental retardation)?

5 : What information should a nurse plan to give the parents of a child recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder?

6 : A patient has a neurogenic bladder with incomplete emptying. Which discharge instruction for the patient's mother should be included in the teaching plan?

7 : The nurse plans to begin teaching a 7-year-old patient and the child's mother about diabetes management. Which action should the nurse take initially?

8 : A 4-year-old child with a history of cystic fibrosis is hospitalized with an acute pulmonary exacerbation. His prescription includes chest physiotherapy four times a day, antibiotics via IV, and pancreatic enzymes. Which time is best for the nurse to plan for chest physiotherapy?

9 : The nurse is exploring strategies to help a patient with multiple allergies to have less frequent and less severe exacerbations of his asthma. Which strategy is most appropriate for the nurse to teach the family?

10 : The nurse is exploring strategies to help a patient with multiple allergies to have less frequent and less severe exacerbations of his asthma. Which strategy is most appropriate for the nurse to teach the family?

1 :
A patient taking a combination of antineoplastic agents develops stomatitis. Nursing care should include actions to prevent which problem?

2 :
In consideration of the patient's body image, the nurse should take which action when performing venipuncture in a preschool-aged child?

3 :
What information should a nurse plan to give the parents of a 9-month-old infant who is to be discharged after a cleft palate repair?

4 :
What information should a nurse plan to give the parents of a child newly diagnosed with cognitive impairment (mental retardation)?

5 :
What information should a nurse plan to give the parents of a child recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder?

6 :
A patient has a neurogenic bladder with incomplete emptying. Which discharge instruction for the patient's mother should be included in the teaching plan?

7 :
The nurse plans to begin teaching a 7-year-old patient and the child's mother about diabetes management. Which action should the nurse take initially?

8 :
A 4-year-old child with a history of cystic fibrosis is hospitalized with an acute pulmonary exacerbation. His prescription includes chest physiotherapy four times a day, antibiotics via IV, and pancreatic enzymes. Which time is best for the nurse to plan for chest physiotherapy?

9 :
The nurse is exploring strategies to help a patient with multiple allergies to have less frequent and less severe exacerbations of his asthma. Which strategy is most appropriate for the nurse to teach the family?

10 :
The nurse is exploring strategies to help a patient with multiple allergies to have less frequent and less severe exacerbations of his asthma. Which strategy is most appropriate for the nurse to teach the family?