Question

The nurse is providing preoperative education to a client at high risk for breast cancer who is scheduled for an incisional biopsy is being done instead of excisional biopsy. Which answer by the nurse is appropriate?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

“An incisional biopsy is performed to confirm a diagnosis and so that special studies can be done that will help determine the best treatment”

Rationale :

🔹 Incisional biopsy removes a portion of the lesion, allowing pathology testing for confirmation of malignancy.

🔹 This procedure allows specialized studies like receptor testing (ER, PR, HER2) which guide targeted treatment planning.

🔹 It is commonly used when the mass is too large to remove entirely or location makes excision difficult.

🔹 Provides a representative tissue sample without needing full removal, which may delay care in suspicious cases.

🔹 Essential step in accurate diagnosis and creating a personalized treatment plan for the patient.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Avoid lifting objects heavier than 10 pounds.

Rationale :

🟢 Heavy lifting increases intra-abdominal and thoracic pressure, stressing the surgical site and lymphatics.

🟢 Limiting load reduces risk of lymphedema in the affected arm after breast/axillary procedures.

🟢 Early weeks focus on tissue healing; gradual range-of-motion resumes with clinician guidance.

🟢 Overexertion raises risk of wound dehiscence, seroma, and pain, delaying recovery.

🟢 Safe-activity teaching improves adherence, comfort, and outcomes during rehabilitation.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Leukopenia

Rationale :

🔴 Paclitaxel and carboplatin commonly cause bone marrow suppression → neutropenia/leukopenia.

🔴 Low WBC/ANC dramatically raises infection and sepsis risk; neutropenic precautions are essential.

🔴 Timing aligns with nadir (≈ 7–14 days post-chemo) when counts are lowest.

🔴 Monitoring CBC with differential guides growth factor use and treatment delays/dose reductions.

🔴 Early teaching on fever reporting, hand hygiene, crowd avoidance prevents complications.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Intrauterine device (IUD)

Rationale :

🟠 IUDs have very low failure (<1%/yr) — among the most effective reversible contraceptives.

🟠 Provide long-acting protection (3–10 yrs depending on type) with minimal user burden.

🟠 Immediate return to fertility after removal supports family planning goals.

🟠 Contraindications and side-effect profiles are well characterized; counseling improves selection.

🟠 Compared with user-dependent methods, IUDs reduce adherence errors, improving real-world efficacy.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Tissue from the lining of the uterus has implanted in areas outside the uterus.

Rationale :

💠 Endometriosis = ectopic endometrial glands/stroma at extrauterine sites (e.g., ovaries, peritoneum).

💠 Ectopic tissue responds to hormonal cycling, causing inflammation, bleeding, and adhesions.

💠 Typical manifestations: dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain, and infertility.

💠 Diagnosis uses clinical features, imaging, and sometimes laparoscopy for confirmation/ablation.

💠 Management spans NSAIDs, combined hormonal therapy, progestins, GnRH analogs, or surgery.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Cone biopsy

Rationale :

🟡 Cone biopsy (conization) excises a cone-shaped wedge from the cervix including transformation zone.

🟡 It allows diagnosis and complete removal of high-grade intraepithelial lesions in one step.

🟡 Pathology defines margins, grade, and extent, steering further care vs surveillance.

🟡 Fertility-sparing compared with more radical procedures; preserves cervical competency when feasible.

🟡 Post-procedure care includes bleeding monitoring, infection prevention, and activity restrictions.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Both my partner and I need to be treated.

Rationale :

🔷 Gonorrhea is an STI; simultaneous partner treatment prevents reinfection and ongoing transmission.

🔷 Recommended therapy uses ceftriaxone-based regimens per guidelines.

🔷 Abstinence until therapy completion and symptom resolution reduces spread.

🔷 Screen for co-infections (e.g., chlamydia, HIV, syphilis) due to shared risk factors.

🔷 Provide condom counseling, test-of-cure when indicated, and contact tracing support.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

IVF is a simple procedure.

Rationale :

🟣 In vitro fertilization (IVF) is complex, involving ovarian stimulation, egg retrieval, lab fertilization, embryo transfer.

🟣 Requires frequent monitoring (ultrasound, labs) and timed medications; not simple.

🟣 Carries risks: ovarian hyperstimulation, multiple gestation, procedure complications.

🟣 Emotional/financial burden is substantial; counseling about expectations is essential.

🟣 Teaching corrects misconceptions, enabling informed consent and realistic planning.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

serum progesterone

Rationale :

🌸 Serum progesterone rises in the luteal phase after ovulation, confirming ovulatory function.

🌸 Mid-luteal value (≈ day 21 in 28-day cycle) indicates adequate corpus luteum activity.

🌸 Helps distinguish anovulatory from ovulatory infertility, guiding treatment direction.

🌸 Noninvasive and cost-effective, complementing LH surge/ovulation kits.

🌸 Consistent with endometrial maturation needed for implantation.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

The client may have a candida species infection.

Rationale :

🌼 Candida vulvovaginitis typically causes thick, white, curd-like discharge with pruritus and erythema.

🌼 pH usually normal (≤4.5); whiff test negative, aiding differentiation from BV/trichomonas.

🌼 Risk factors: antibiotics, poor glycemic control, pregnancy, immunosuppression.

🌼 Diagnosis via microscopy (hyphae/pseudohyphae) or culture when needed.

🌼 Treatment: topical azoles or oral fluconazole; teach avoid irritants and glycemic control.

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MedSurg Exam 1

No.

1 :
The nurse is providing preoperative education to a client at high risk for breast cancer who is scheduled for an incisional biopsy is being done instead of excisional biopsy. Which answer by the nurse is appropriate?

2 :
The nurse is caring for a client who has just had a radical mastectomy and axillary node dissection. When providing teaching to the client, which is the most appropriate?

3 :
The nurse is caring for a client with ovarian cancer. The client is to receive chemotherapy consisting of paclitaxel and carboplatin. For What adverse eﬀect of this treatment should the nurse look out for?

4 :
A nurse is preparing a presentation about contraception for a young adult community group. Which is the most eﬀective means of contraception?

5 :
The nurse is teaching a client with endometriosis. What should the nurse include in the teaching?

6 :
The nurse is planning an educational activity about cancer, which term describes a procedure in which cervical tissue removed because abnormal cells are detected?

7 :
The nurse is teaching a client about the treatment of gonorrhea. Which statement by the client indicates

8 :
The charge nurse is teaching a new graduate nurse about infertility issues. What statement by the graduate nurse indicates the need for further teaching?

9 :
A couple has come to the infertility clinic because they have been unable to get pregnant. Which diagnostic test is planned to determine if ovulation is regular and when to time implantation?

10 :
A client calla the clinic and tells the nurse they have thick white, curd-like discharge from the vagina. How should the nurse best interpret this preliminary information?

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MedSurg Exam 1

No.

1 : The nurse is providing preoperative education to a client at high risk for breast cancer who is scheduled for an incisional biopsy is being done instead of excisional biopsy. Which answer by the nurse is appropriate?

2 : The nurse is caring for a client who has just had a radical mastectomy and axillary node dissection. When providing teaching to the client, which is the most appropriate?

3 : The nurse is caring for a client with ovarian cancer. The client is to receive chemotherapy consisting of paclitaxel and carboplatin. For What adverse eﬀect of this treatment should the nurse look out for?

4 : A nurse is preparing a presentation about contraception for a young adult community group. Which is the most eﬀective means of contraception?

5 : The nurse is teaching a client with endometriosis. What should the nurse include in the teaching?

6 : The nurse is planning an educational activity about cancer, which term describes a procedure in which cervical tissue removed because abnormal cells are detected?

7 : The nurse is teaching a client about the treatment of gonorrhea. Which statement by the client indicates

8 : The charge nurse is teaching a new graduate nurse about infertility issues. What statement by the graduate nurse indicates the need for further teaching?

9 : A couple has come to the infertility clinic because they have been unable to get pregnant. Which diagnostic test is planned to determine if ovulation is regular and when to time implantation?

10 : A client calla the clinic and tells the nurse they have thick white, curd-like discharge from the vagina. How should the nurse best interpret this preliminary information?

1 :
The nurse is providing preoperative education to a client at high risk for breast cancer who is scheduled for an incisional biopsy is being done instead of excisional biopsy. Which answer by the nurse is appropriate?

2 :
The nurse is caring for a client who has just had a radical mastectomy and axillary node dissection. When providing teaching to the client, which is the most appropriate?

3 :
The nurse is caring for a client with ovarian cancer. The client is to receive chemotherapy consisting of paclitaxel and carboplatin. For What adverse eﬀect of this treatment should the nurse look out for?

4 :
A nurse is preparing a presentation about contraception for a young adult community group. Which is the most eﬀective means of contraception?

5 :
The nurse is teaching a client with endometriosis. What should the nurse include in the teaching?

6 :
The nurse is planning an educational activity about cancer, which term describes a procedure in which cervical tissue removed because abnormal cells are detected?

7 :
The nurse is teaching a client about the treatment of gonorrhea. Which statement by the client indicates

8 :
The charge nurse is teaching a new graduate nurse about infertility issues. What statement by the graduate nurse indicates the need for further teaching?

9 :
A couple has come to the infertility clinic because they have been unable to get pregnant. Which diagnostic test is planned to determine if ovulation is regular and when to time implantation?

10 :
A client calla the clinic and tells the nurse they have thick white, curd-like discharge from the vagina. How should the nurse best interpret this preliminary information?