Question

After taking orlistat for one week, a female client tells the home health nurse that she is experiencing increasingly frequent fatty stools and flatus. Which action should the nurse take?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Ask the client to describe her dietary intake history for the last several days.

Rationale :

💠 Orlistat reduces the absorption of dietary fat, and excessive intake of fatty foods can lead to unpleasant gastrointestinal side effects such as oily stools and flatulence.

💠 These effects are expected but usually indicate nonadherence to a low-fat diet, which is required for optimal medication efficacy and tolerability.

💠 Rather than discontinuing the drug, the nurse should assess the client’s recent dietary habits to determine if adjustments are needed.

💠 Identifying the cause of the symptoms allows the nurse to provide appropriate dietary education and prevent unnecessary cessation of therapy.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Report any tendon pain or swelling to the healthcare provider immediately.
Limit exposure to sunlight and avoid tanning beds.

Rationale :

🔷 Tendon pain or swelling while taking ciprofloxacin can indicate tendonitis or tendon rupture, which is a serious adverse effect, especially in older adults or those on corticosteroids.

🔷 The nurse must instruct the client to report such symptoms immediately and to stop the medication if symptoms occur to prevent permanent tendon damage.

🔷 Early recognition and reporting are critical to prevent long-term musculoskeletal complications.

🔷 Ciprofloxacin causes photosensitivity, increasing the risk of sunburns and skin damage with UV exposure.

🔷 Clients should be advised to avoid direct sunlight, use protective clothing, and wear sunscreen if going outdoors.

🔷 Tanning beds should also be avoided because they can intensify the risk of severe sunburn while on fluoroquinolones.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Liver function test

Rationale :

♦ Albendazole is metabolized in the liver and can lead to hepatotoxicity, especially with prolonged or high-dose therapy.

♦ The client’s symptoms—fatigue, nausea, dark urine, and yellowing of the skin and sclera—are classic signs of liver dysfunction.

♦ A liver function test will help evaluate enzymes such as ALT, AST, and bilirubin, which are indicators of hepatic injury.

♦ Timely identification of liver damage allows healthcare providers to stop the medication and prevent further liver compromise.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Wheezing and dyspnea

Rationale :

✳️ Wheezing and dyspnea are critical signs of respiratory distress associated with anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening reaction.

✳️ Anaphylaxis affects the airway and often progresses rapidly, making early recognition and intervention essential for survival.

✳️ These symptoms may accompany other signs such as angioedema, hypotension, or skin rash, but airway compromise is always prioritized.

✳️ The presence of wheezing indicates bronchospasm, and immediate administration of epinephrine is typically required to reverse this response.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Teach the client self-injection skills for daily subcutaneous administration.

Rationale :

✅ Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin designed to provide a steady basal insulin level over 24 hours, requiring once-daily subcutaneous injection.

✅ Clients must be taught proper injection technique, site rotation, and timing to ensure consistent absorption and avoid complications like lipodystrophy.

✅ This insulin is not adjusted based on meal intake, so education should emphasize adherence to a scheduled dose regardless of meals.

✅ Teaching self-injection skills is critical to support client independence and safety in managing their diabetes after discharge.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Guaifenesin

Rationale :

🔶 Guaifenesin is an expectorant used to help loosen and thin mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up secretions.

🔶 For clients with COPD and a chronic productive cough, clearing the airway of excess sputum improves breathing and reduces infection risk.

🔶 Unlike bronchodilators or steroids, expectorants directly target mucus viscosity, which is key in managing chronic wet coughs.

🔶 The nurse should reinforce the need to increase fluid intake to support the mucolytic action of guaifenesin.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Wound and blood specimen for culture and sensitivity.

Rationale :

❖ Before starting a broad-spectrum antibiotic like ticarcillin, it is critical to collect cultures to identify the causative organism.

❖ Administering antibiotics prior to cultures can alter bacterial growth and interfere with accurate diagnosis.

❖ This step helps guide targeted therapy and avoids unnecessary broad-spectrum use that may lead to resistance.

❖ Ticarcillin is a penicillin-type antibiotic with strong gram-negative coverage, often used for serious infections pending lab confirmation.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Recent use of other antidepressants.

Rationale :

🌟 Duloxetine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), and combining it with other antidepressants, especially MAOIs or SSRIs, increases the risk of serotonin syndrome.

🌟 Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by agitation, hyperreflexia, tachycardia, and fever.

🌟 The nurse must assess whether the client had a sufficient washout period before initiating duloxetine to avoid serious interactions.

🌟 While weight, liver status, and family history are relevant, medication reconciliation is the priority for safety.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Determine sleep patterns.

Rationale :

🔹 Melatonin is a hormone supplement that regulates the sleep-wake cycle, commonly used in conditions like insomnia or circadian rhythm disturbances.

🔹 In clients with restless legs syndrome, melatonin may be prescribed to improve sleep quality rather than directly treating leg discomfort.

🔹 To assess its effectiveness, the nurse should ask about sleep duration, quality, and onset latency.

🔹 Other assessments like anxiety or edema are unrelated to melatonin’s therapeutic goal.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Coronary artery disease.

Rationale :

🟥 Sumatriptan is a vasoconstrictor used to abort migraine attacks, but it is contraindicated in clients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

🟥 This medication can cause coronary vasospasm, leading to angina or myocardial infarction in vulnerable individuals.

🟥 A thorough cardiovascular history must be assessed before administration to avoid life-threatening ischemic events.

🟥 Other conditions like diabetes or IBS are not contraindications for sumatriptan use.

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HESI-RN Pharmacology Exam 1

No.

1 :
After taking orlistat for one week, a female client tells the home health nurse that she is experiencing increasingly frequent fatty stools and flatus. Which action should the nurse take?

2 :
The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a client who is taking ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets which were prescribed because of a suspected anthrax exposure. Which instructions should be included in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)

3 :
A client who is taking albendazole reports experiencing fatigue, nausea, and dark urine. The nurse observes a yellowing of the client's skin and sclera. Which lab results should the nurse review?

4 :
Which assessment data indicated to the nurse that a client is having an anaphylactic reaction to a medication?

5 :
The nurse is planning to discharge teaching for a client with diabetes mellitus who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which action should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

6 :
The nurse is preparing a client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and a chronic productive cough for discharged home. Which prescribed medication should the nurse review with the client to manage this symptom?

7 :
On admission, the healthcare provider describes a broad spectrum of antibiotic, ticarcillin for a client with a gram- negative infection. Before administering the first dose, it is most important for the nurse to implement which prescription?

8 :
The nurse is planning care for a patient with major depression who is receiving a new prescription for duloxetine. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?

9 :
An older adult client with restless legs syndrome begins taking melatonin at bedtime. When evaluating the effectiveness of the herb which client assessment should the nurse complete?

10 :
Before administering initial dose of sumatriptan succinate to a client with a migraine headache, it is most to determine if the client's history includes which problem?

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HESI-RN Pharmacology Exam 1

No.

1 : After taking orlistat for one week, a female client tells the home health nurse that she is experiencing increasingly frequent fatty stools and flatus. Which action should the nurse take?

2 : The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a client who is taking ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets which were prescribed because of a suspected anthrax exposure. Which instructions should be included in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)

3 : A client who is taking albendazole reports experiencing fatigue, nausea, and dark urine. The nurse observes a yellowing of the client's skin and sclera. Which lab results should the nurse review?

4 : Which assessment data indicated to the nurse that a client is having an anaphylactic reaction to a medication?

5 : The nurse is planning to discharge teaching for a client with diabetes mellitus who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which action should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

6 : The nurse is preparing a client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and a chronic productive cough for discharged home. Which prescribed medication should the nurse review with the client to manage this symptom?

7 : On admission, the healthcare provider describes a broad spectrum of antibiotic, ticarcillin for a client with a gram- negative infection. Before administering the first dose, it is most important for the nurse to implement which prescription?

8 : The nurse is planning care for a patient with major depression who is receiving a new prescription for duloxetine. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?

9 : An older adult client with restless legs syndrome begins taking melatonin at bedtime. When evaluating the effectiveness of the herb which client assessment should the nurse complete?

10 : Before administering initial dose of sumatriptan succinate to a client with a migraine headache, it is most to determine if the client's history includes which problem?

1 :
After taking orlistat for one week, a female client tells the home health nurse that she is experiencing increasingly frequent fatty stools and flatus. Which action should the nurse take?

2 :
The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a client who is taking ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets which were prescribed because of a suspected anthrax exposure. Which instructions should be included in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.)

3 :
A client who is taking albendazole reports experiencing fatigue, nausea, and dark urine. The nurse observes a yellowing of the client's skin and sclera. Which lab results should the nurse review?

4 :
Which assessment data indicated to the nurse that a client is having an anaphylactic reaction to a medication?

5 :
The nurse is planning to discharge teaching for a client with diabetes mellitus who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which action should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

6 :
The nurse is preparing a client with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and a chronic productive cough for discharged home. Which prescribed medication should the nurse review with the client to manage this symptom?

7 :
On admission, the healthcare provider describes a broad spectrum of antibiotic, ticarcillin for a client with a gram- negative infection. Before administering the first dose, it is most important for the nurse to implement which prescription?

8 :
The nurse is planning care for a patient with major depression who is receiving a new prescription for duloxetine. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain?

9 :
An older adult client with restless legs syndrome begins taking melatonin at bedtime. When evaluating the effectiveness of the herb which client assessment should the nurse complete?

10 :
Before administering initial dose of sumatriptan succinate to a client with a migraine headache, it is most to determine if the client's history includes which problem?