Question

A healthy 70-year-old patient has low hemoglobin levels and no signs of gastrointestinal bleeding. which item is an effect of aging that could be the reason for the low hemoglobin level?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Decrease in intestinal absorption of iron.

Rationale :

✦ Aging affects gastrointestinal function, including decreased intestinal iron absorption, which can lower hemoglobin.

✦ Iron is essential for hemoglobin production, and its reduced uptake can cause anemia in older adults.

✦ This is a normal physiological change of aging without overt bleeding or pathology.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Deferoxamine.

Rationale :

✧ Deferoxamine is a chelating agent used to treat iron overload (hemochromatosis), especially in patients receiving frequent transfusions.

✧ Thalassemia major patients often require lifelong transfusions, increasing iron accumulation.

✧ Deferoxamine binds excess iron and promotes its excretion via urine.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Maximizing cardiac output.

Rationale :

❖ In chronic heart failure, the primary treatment goal is to enhance cardiac output to improve organ perfusion.

❖ Supporting hemodynamic stability is essential before addressing secondary goals like weight or exercise.

❖ Managing fluid status, medication adherence, and oxygen delivery are part of optimizing output.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Respiratory acidosis.

Rationale :

◈ ABG: pH = 7.32 (acidic), PaCO₂ = 52 mmHg (elevated), HCO₃ = 23 (normal)

◈ Elevated CO₂ with low pH indicates respiratory acidosis, likely from hypoventilation due to barbiturate overdose.

◈ Barbiturates suppress the respiratory center, leading to CO₂ retention.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

A patient who reports a severe headache and has begun vomiting.

Rationale :

⬖ This presentation suggests increased intracranial pressure or possible stroke, requiring immediate attention.

⬖ Vomiting + headache is a neurological red flag indicating potential cerebral involvement.

⬖ Timely intervention is critical to reduce brain injury.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Inspect skin for bruising or petechiae.

Rationale :

⬗ Thrombocytopenia = low platelets → increased risk for bleeding

⬗ Petechiae and ecchymosis are key indicators of capillary fragility and bleeding tendency.

⬗ Skin inspection is a priority to detect early signs of hemorrhage.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Normocytic.

Rationale :

🔵 In acute blood loss, RBCs are lost but not yet replaced with altered forms. 🔵 The body initially maintains normal size and shape—normocytic, normochromic. 🔵 Morphologic changes occur later if the condition becomes chronic.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

. Mexican Americans have lower levels of awareness of hypertension and its treatment.

Rationale :

🟣 Cultural barriers and access issues contribute to underdiagnosis in Mexican Americans. 🟣 Awareness and treatment levels lag behind other ethnic groups. 🟣 Education and community outreach are critical to close this gap.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Prinzmetal angina.

Rationale :

🟢 Prinzmetal angina is caused by coronary artery spasms and occurs at rest. 🟢 It is common among smokers and not triggered by exertion like stable angina. 🟢 Vasospasm restricts blood flow temporarily, causing chest pain.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Magnesium may affect neuromuscular excitability and contractility.

Rationale :

🔶 Magnesium is essential for muscle contraction and nerve function. 🔶 Abnormal levels can cause tremors, weakness, arrhythmias, or seizures. 🔶 Monitoring helps detect imbalances that affect excitability.

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RN-Hesi Medical Surgical-Hematological System

No.

1 :
A healthy 70-year-old patient has low hemoglobin levels and no signs of gastrointestinal bleeding. which item is an effect of aging that could be the reason for the low hemoglobin level?

2 :
A patient with thalassemia major who is receiving a blood transfusion shows signs of hemochromatosis. The nurse anticipates a prescription for which medication?

3 :
Which goal is a primary objective for a patient who has chronic heart failure (HF)?

4 :
The arterial blood gas (ABG) results for a patient who overdosed on barbiturates are pH = 7.32, PaCO2 = 52, and HCO3 = 23. Which interpretation would the nurse rely on when planning the patient's care?

5 :
The nurse receives information about the assigned patients during shift report. RN Exams Which patient would the nurse assess first?

6 :
After noting that a patient with leukemia has thrombocytopenia, which action will the nurse plan to take?

7 :
Which erythrocyte characteristic would the nurse expect to see in the laboratory findings for a patient who has experienced acute blood loss?

8 :
The nurse presents information to a group of nursing students about cultural and ethnic health disparities related to hypertension. Which information would the nurse include about the comparison of Mexican Americans to White and Black populations?

9 :
A patient who smokes reports chest pain while at rest. Which condition would the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?

10 :
Which rationale supports the nurse's assessment of a patient's magnesium level?

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RN-Hesi Medical Surgical-Hematological System

No.

1 : A healthy 70-year-old patient has low hemoglobin levels and no signs of gastrointestinal bleeding. which item is an effect of aging that could be the reason for the low hemoglobin level?

2 : A patient with thalassemia major who is receiving a blood transfusion shows signs of hemochromatosis. The nurse anticipates a prescription for which medication?

3 : Which goal is a primary objective for a patient who has chronic heart failure (HF)?

4 : The arterial blood gas (ABG) results for a patient who overdosed on barbiturates are pH = 7.32, PaCO2 = 52, and HCO3 = 23. Which interpretation would the nurse rely on when planning the patient's care?

5 : The nurse receives information about the assigned patients during shift report. RN Exams Which patient would the nurse assess first?

6 : After noting that a patient with leukemia has thrombocytopenia, which action will the nurse plan to take?

7 : Which erythrocyte characteristic would the nurse expect to see in the laboratory findings for a patient who has experienced acute blood loss?

8 : The nurse presents information to a group of nursing students about cultural and ethnic health disparities related to hypertension. Which information would the nurse include about the comparison of Mexican Americans to White and Black populations?

9 : A patient who smokes reports chest pain while at rest. Which condition would the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?

10 : Which rationale supports the nurse's assessment of a patient's magnesium level?

1 :
A healthy 70-year-old patient has low hemoglobin levels and no signs of gastrointestinal bleeding. which item is an effect of aging that could be the reason for the low hemoglobin level?

2 :
A patient with thalassemia major who is receiving a blood transfusion shows signs of hemochromatosis. The nurse anticipates a prescription for which medication?

3 :
Which goal is a primary objective for a patient who has chronic heart failure (HF)?

4 :
The arterial blood gas (ABG) results for a patient who overdosed on barbiturates are pH = 7.32, PaCO2 = 52, and HCO3 = 23. Which interpretation would the nurse rely on when planning the patient's care?

5 :
The nurse receives information about the assigned patients during shift report. RN Exams Which patient would the nurse assess first?

6 :
After noting that a patient with leukemia has thrombocytopenia, which action will the nurse plan to take?

7 :
Which erythrocyte characteristic would the nurse expect to see in the laboratory findings for a patient who has experienced acute blood loss?

8 :
The nurse presents information to a group of nursing students about cultural and ethnic health disparities related to hypertension. Which information would the nurse include about the comparison of Mexican Americans to White and Black populations?

9 :
A patient who smokes reports chest pain while at rest. Which condition would the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?

10 :
Which rationale supports the nurse's assessment of a patient's magnesium level?