Question

A newborn is admitted to the pediatric unit to rule out congenital hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect if this diagnosis is confirmed?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Bradycardia, constipation, and hypotonia

Rationale :

🐢 Congenital hypothyroidism slows down metabolic processes, resulting in bradycardia, constipation, and hypotonia.

🐢 These infants often present with lethargy, a large fontanel, and prolonged jaundice.

🐢 Early diagnosis is crucial because untreated hypothyroidism can lead to irreversible cognitive impairment.

🐢 Elevated TSH with low T3 and T4 confirms the diagnosis—not the reverse.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

The client speaks in 2-3 word sentences.

Rationale :

🗣 By age 4, children should use complete sentences of 4–5 words and follow multi-step commands.

🗣 Speaking only in 2–3 word phrases suggests a language development delay.

🗣 It's developmentally appropriate for a 4-year-old to have an imaginary friend and not be able to tie shoes.

🗣 Early intervention is key for speech and language delays.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Projectile vomiting

Rationale :

🤮 Pyloric stenosis is caused by hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle, leading to projectile, non-bilious vomiting.

🤮 It typically appears in infants aged 2–8 weeks, who remain hungry after vomiting.

🤮 The obstruction is above the duodenum, so bile is not present in the emesis.

🤮 Weight loss, dehydration, and visible peristaltic waves may also be observed.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Projectile vomiting

Rationale :

🤮 Pyloric stenosis is caused by hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle, leading to projectile, non-bilious vomiting.

🤮 It typically appears in infants aged 2–8 weeks, who remain hungry after vomiting.

🤮 The obstruction is above the duodenum, so bile is not present in the emesis.

🤮 Weight loss, dehydration, and visible peristaltic waves may also be observed.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Preparation for surgical correction

Rationale :

🔧 Definitive treatment for pyloric stenosis is surgical pyloromyotomy.

🔧 Medical stabilization with IV fluids and electrolyte correction occurs before surgery.

🔧 Feeding modifications or enemas are not therapeutic for this structural issue.

🔧 Early intervention prevents failure to thrive and electrolyte imbalance.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

"Our child's blood count will need to be monitored routinely for several weeks."

Rationale :

🩸 Iron supplements are monitored with serial CBCs to assess hemoglobin/hematocrit improvement.

🩸 Therapy is often continued for several months, even after values normalize.

🩸 Iron should be given on an empty stomach or with vitamin C—not meals—for better absorption.

🩸 Black, tarry stools are common—but not frank blood.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Protuberant abdomen

Rationale :

🍞 Celiac disease causes malabsorption, leading to a distended abdomen, wasting of extremities, and irritability.

🍞 Ingestion of gluten damages the intestinal villi, resulting in nutrient loss and fatty stools (steatorrhea).

🍞 Diagnosis is confirmed via biopsy of the small intestine or elevated anti-tTG antibodies.

🍞 Management involves a strict gluten-free diet for life.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Frequent swallowing

Rationale :

🩺 After tonsillectomy, frequent swallowing may indicate active bleeding, even if blood isn’t visible.

🩺 Children often swallow blood rather than spitting it out, especially at night.

🩺 This is a priority finding requiring immediate provider notification.

🩺 Other normal findings include dry mouth, mild pain, and small amounts of dried blood.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Bacterial epiglottitis

Rationale :

🦠 Drooling, agitation, and inability to cough are classic signs of epiglottitis, a life-threatening airway emergency.

🦠 It often progresses rapidly, and attempts at oral assessment can trigger airway obstruction.

🦠 Management includes emergency airway support, humidified oxygen, and IV antibiotics.

🦠 Tripod positioning, stridor, and fever are also common.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

"No additional testing is required after the course of antibiotics are complete.'

Rationale :

🚫 Children with recurrent UTIs may require follow-up testing, such as renal ultrasound or VCUG.

🚫 Stating that no follow-up is needed suggests a misunderstanding, especially in repeated cases.

🚫 Even a single UTI in young children can indicate structural abnormalities.

🚫 Follow-up helps prevent complications like reflux nephropathy.

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RN ATI Nur 235 Paediatrics Final Exam

No.

1 :
A newborn is admitted to the pediatric unit to rule out congenital hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect if this diagnosis is confirmed?

2 :
A nurse is performing a developmental assessment on a 4-year- old client. What assessment finding would warrant further investigation?

3 :
The nurse is reviewing the record of a pediatric client diagnosed with pyloric stenosis. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to find in the electronic health record?

4 :
The nurse is reviewing the record of a pediatric client diagnosed with pyloric stenosis. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to find in the electronic health record?

5 :
An infant has been admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of pyloric stenosis. What would the nurse expect in the plan of care for this client?

6 :
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a toddler who has iron-deficiency anemia and is taking iron supplements. Which statement by the parents indicates an understanding of the teaching?

7 :
During the assessment of a pediatric client with celiac disease, the nurse would most likely note which physical finding?

8 :
A nurse is closely monitoring a pediatric client following a tonsillectomy. Which finding would alert the nurse to a postoperative complication?

9 :
A 4-year-old client presents to the emergency department with drooling, agitation, and inability to cough. The nurse should recognize these findings are associated with which diagnosis?

10 :
A 5-year-old girl presents to the clinic with a urinary tract infection (UTI). After educating the family on preventing recurrent infections, what statement by the family indicates further teaching is needed?

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RN ATI Nur 235 Paediatrics Final Exam

No.

1 : A newborn is admitted to the pediatric unit to rule out congenital hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect if this diagnosis is confirmed?

2 : A nurse is performing a developmental assessment on a 4-year- old client. What assessment finding would warrant further investigation?

3 : The nurse is reviewing the record of a pediatric client diagnosed with pyloric stenosis. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to find in the electronic health record?

4 : The nurse is reviewing the record of a pediatric client diagnosed with pyloric stenosis. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to find in the electronic health record?

5 : An infant has been admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of pyloric stenosis. What would the nurse expect in the plan of care for this client?

6 : A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a toddler who has iron-deficiency anemia and is taking iron supplements. Which statement by the parents indicates an understanding of the teaching?

7 : During the assessment of a pediatric client with celiac disease, the nurse would most likely note which physical finding?

8 : A nurse is closely monitoring a pediatric client following a tonsillectomy. Which finding would alert the nurse to a postoperative complication?

9 : A 4-year-old client presents to the emergency department with drooling, agitation, and inability to cough. The nurse should recognize these findings are associated with which diagnosis?

10 : A 5-year-old girl presents to the clinic with a urinary tract infection (UTI). After educating the family on preventing recurrent infections, what statement by the family indicates further teaching is needed?

1 :
A newborn is admitted to the pediatric unit to rule out congenital hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings would the nurse expect if this diagnosis is confirmed?

2 :
A nurse is performing a developmental assessment on a 4-year- old client. What assessment finding would warrant further investigation?

3 :
The nurse is reviewing the record of a pediatric client diagnosed with pyloric stenosis. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to find in the electronic health record?

4 :
The nurse is reviewing the record of a pediatric client diagnosed with pyloric stenosis. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to find in the electronic health record?

5 :
An infant has been admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of pyloric stenosis. What would the nurse expect in the plan of care for this client?

6 :
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a toddler who has iron-deficiency anemia and is taking iron supplements. Which statement by the parents indicates an understanding of the teaching?

7 :
During the assessment of a pediatric client with celiac disease, the nurse would most likely note which physical finding?

8 :
A nurse is closely monitoring a pediatric client following a tonsillectomy. Which finding would alert the nurse to a postoperative complication?

9 :
A 4-year-old client presents to the emergency department with drooling, agitation, and inability to cough. The nurse should recognize these findings are associated with which diagnosis?

10 :
A 5-year-old girl presents to the clinic with a urinary tract infection (UTI). After educating the family on preventing recurrent infections, what statement by the family indicates further teaching is needed?