Question

Before administering cefazolin (Ancef), the nurse checks for a previous allergic reaction to:

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Penicillin

Rationale :

Cefazolin is a cephalosporin antibiotic. Clients with penicillin allergies may also have a cross-sensitivity to cephalosporins due to similar beta-lactam structures. It is critical to assess for penicillin allergies before giving this drug to prevent hypersensitivity reactions.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Notify your provider it you experience any changes in your hearing."

Rationale :

Vancomycin can cause ototoxicity, especially with high doses or prolonged use. Early detection of hearing changes helps prevent permanent damage. The other statements are inaccurate or harmful, such as limiting fluids or stopping the drug early.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Keep the serum drug level within the therapeutic margin

Rationale :

Monitoring peak and trough ensures the drug remains effective while avoiding toxicity. Peaks assess for high levels, and troughs ensure minimum levels are adequate. This is essential for drugs with a narrow therapeutic range like vancomycin or aminoglycosides.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

50

Rationale :

400 mL ÷ 480 min = 0.833 mL/min × 60 gtt/mL = 50 gtt/min. Using correct formulas for manual drip rates ensures safe and accurate fluid delivery.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

use only one herbal preparation at a time

Rationale :

Introducing one herbal remedy at a time makes it easier to identify any adverse effects or allergies. Multiple herbs taken together complicate identification of the offending agent.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

penicillin will be effective in treating the infection

Rationale :

"Sensitive" on a culture report means the bacteria will likely be killed or inhibited by the antibiotic. Therefore, penicillin is an appropriate and effective treatment.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

the severity of disease that an organism is able to cause

Rationale :

Virulence refers to how harmful or aggressive a microorganism is in causing disease. It does not refer to resistance or mutation. High virulence means a more dangerous pathogen.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

a superinfection

Rationale :

Superinfections can occur when antibiotics disrupt normal flora, allowing opportunistic pathogens like Candida to overgrow, causing oral thrush. This is a common complication of antibiotic use.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Infants and elderly patients

Rationale :

Both groups have altered metabolism and excretion—immature in infants and declining in the elderly—making them more prone to toxicity. They often require adjusted doses.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Ginkgo biloba
Ginger
Garlic

Rationale :

These herbs have anticoagulant effects and can potentiate warfarin, increasing bleeding risk. Valerian and echinacea do not have the same impact on clotting.

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RN Pharmacology II

No.

1 : Before administering cefazolin (Ancef), the nurse checks for a previous allergic reaction to:

2 : A nurse is reinforcing teaching about vancomycin with a client who has an infection. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

3 : Which of the following is the goal of monitoring peak and trough levels during antibacterial therapy?

5 : When beginning herbal products, the nurse understands that the best way to identify allergic or other adverse reactions is to have the client:

6 : When reviewing Ms. Robertson's culture and sensitivity test results, the nurse learns that the bacteria causing Ms. Robertson's infection are sensitive to penicillin. The nurse interprets this result to mean:

7 : The term "virulence" refers to:

8 : Mr. Thomas, who is receiving oral penicillin, reports that he has a sore mouth. On inspection, the nurse notes bright red oral mucous membranes with some white patches. The primary care provider is notified immediately because these symptoms may be caused by:

9 : Which of the following types of patients are more vulnerable to drug toxicity?

10 : The patient is to be started on warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. It is important for the nurse to check for the use of which herbs? (Select All that Apply)

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