Question

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of hypothyroidism. On which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to instruct the client?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Levothyroxine

Rationale :

Levothyroxine is the synthetic form of the thyroid hormone T4, used to treat hypothyroidism.
It restores normal thyroid hormone levels, improving symptoms such as fatigue, cold intolerance, and weight gain.
Other options like levofloxacin (antibiotic), sumatriptan (for migraines), and radioactive iodine (used in hyperthyroidism) are not appropriate for hypothyroid treatment.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Relief of gastrointestinal pain

Rationale :

Sucralfate acts as a mucosal protectant that adheres to ulcers and protects them from acid and pepsin, promoting healing.
This effect relieves pain associated with gastric ulcers.
It does not treat H. pylori directly, nor does it affect vision or prevent infections.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

The client's age is 62.

Rationale :

The live attenuated influenza vaccine (nasal spray) is contraindicated in adults over 50 due to increased risk of adverse effects.
It is only recommended for healthy individuals aged 2–49.
Other options like smoking, MI history, or travel are not absolute contraindications.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

"Warfarin takes several days to work so the IV heparin will be used until the warfarin therapeutic level is reached"

Rationale :

Warfarin has a delayed onset of action (typically 3–5 days) because it affects clotting factor synthesis.
Heparin is continued until INR reaches a therapeutic range.
They are not used together to "dissolve clots," but rather to bridge anticoagulation therapy.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

"It might take up to 3 days for the medication to work."

Rationale :

Docusate sodium is a stool softener that works by drawing water into the stool.
It is not an immediate-acting laxative and may take 1–3 days to produce results.
It should not be used for diarrhea or with mineral oil, and a full glass of water—not just 4 oz—is recommended.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

"Glipizide stimulates pancreas to release insulin."

Rationale :

Glipizide is a sulfonylurea that lowers blood glucose by stimulating pancreatic beta cells to secrete insulin.
It doesn't replace insulin or affect liver function directly.
It is effective only in patients who still have some pancreatic function.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Grapefruit juice

Rationale :

Grapefruit juice can inhibit cytochrome P450 enzymes and alter the metabolism of many drugs, leading to toxicity or reduced effectiveness.
This interaction is especially dangerous with medications like statins, calcium channel blockers, and immunosuppressants.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Insomnia

Rationale :

Overdose of levothyroxine mimics hyperthyroidism, leading to symptoms like insomnia, anxiety, weight loss, tachycardia, and tremors.
Hypoactive reflexes and drowsiness are signs of underdose
. Constipation is linked to hypothyroidism, not overdose.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Shake the container vigorously.

Rationale :

Phenytoin suspension must be shaken well before administration to ensure the correct dose is given.
It can settle unevenly in the bottle, leading to dosing errors.
BP and mouth care are important, but shaking is the priority before dosing.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

'Take the medication with a full glass of water.'

Rationale :

Docusate requires adequate fluid intake to work effectively.
Taking it with a full glass of water enhances stool softening.
It's best taken with or without food, and it does not need to be avoided before bedtime.

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RN Pharmacology Exam Final

No.

1 : A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of hypothyroidism. On which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to instruct the client?

2 : A nurse is caring for a client who is taking sucralfate. Which of the following outcomes indicates a therapeutic effect of the medication?

5 : A nurse is providing teaching to a client who takes opioid pain medication and has a new prescription for docusate sodium. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

6 : A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and has a prescription for glipizide. Which of the following statements by the nurse best describes the action of glipizide?

7 : A nurse in a public clinic is planning a health fair for older adult clients in the community. In teaching medication safety. Which of the following foods should the nurse advise the clients to avoid when taking their prescriptions?

8 : A nurse is assessing a client who is taking levothyroxine. The nurse should recognize that which of the following findings is a manifestation of levothyroxine overdose?

9 : A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who has seizures and is receiving phenytoin in suspension form. Which of the following actions should the nurse take before administering each dose?

10 : A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for docusate. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

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