Question

A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make to the client for a sweetener?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Nonnutritive sugar substitute

Rationale :

Clients with type 1 diabetes need to manage their blood glucose levels carefully, and nonnutritive sweeteners do not raise blood sugar because they provide minimal or no calories. Options like guava nectar, honey, and corn syrup all contain natural sugars that can cause glucose spikes. Recommending sugar substitutes helps clients enjoy sweet flavors without compromising glucose control.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Isotonic

Rationale :

Blood is considered an isotonic solution because its solute concentration is balanced with the cells and plasma around it. This prevents net movement of water in or out of cells, maintaining normal cell size and function. Administering isotonic solutions is important for fluid replacement without disturbing cellular equilibrium.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Increase the client’s fluid intake.

Rationale :

In dehydration and hypotension, the body lacks adequate circulating volume, which impairs perfusion. Increasing fluid intake is the most direct and effective intervention to restore intravascular volume and improve blood pressure. Other options like guided imagery or elevating the head do not address the root cause.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Naloxone

Rationale :

Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that rapidly reverses the effects of opioids like morphine, including respiratory depression. It displaces opioids from receptors and restores normal respiratory function. Nurses must have naloxone readily available when administering opioids IV.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Hypoglycemia

Rationale :

Symptoms like sweating, anxiety, tremors, and confusion in a diabetic client typically indicate hypoglycemia. The brain relies on glucose, and low levels lead to these neuroglycopenic and adrenergic symptoms. Prompt glucose replacement is essential to prevent progression to loss of consciousness or seizures.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

43.1

Rationale :

Enoxaparin dosing is weight-based. The client weighs 95 lbs, which converts to 43.1 kg. At 1 mg/kg, the correct dose is 43.1 mg. Rounding and leading zeros must follow safe medication practice.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Bleeding

Rationale :

Aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation and is known to increase the risk of bleeding, especially in long-term use or high doses. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis often use aspirin chronically, so monitoring for signs of bleeding (e.g., bruising, dark stools) is critical. Nurses should educate patients on bleeding precautions.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

peripheral edema

Rationale :

Hypervolemia is an excess of fluid in the intravascular space, which can leak into interstitial tissues, causing peripheral edema. Other signs include hypertension and bounding pulses. Hypotension and bradycardia are more consistent with fluid deficit.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

pH below 7.35

Rationale :

Metabolic acidosis involves a low pH (<7.35) due to accumulation of acid or loss of bicarbonate. Bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) is typically low, not high, in this condition. Recognizing ABG values is essential for diagnosing and managing acid-base imbalances.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

"Your body produces some insulin but not enough to help move glucose into the cells:

Rationale :

In type 2 diabetes, the pancreas still produces insulin, but the body either doesn’t produce enough or the cells become resistant to it. This leads to poor glucose uptake and elevated blood sugar. Lifestyle changes can often help manage this condition, especially in early stages.

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RN Pathpharmacology Nur20500

No.

1 : A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make to the client for a sweetener?

2 : Blood is what kind of solution?

3 : A nurse is planning care for a client who has dehydration and hypotension. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

4 : A nurse is preparing to administer morphine IV to a client. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to have available?

5 : A nurse is assessing a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus and finds the client lying in bed, sweating. And reporting feeling anxious. Which of the following complications should the nurse suspect?

7 : A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for aspirin to treat rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse should include to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

8 : A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing hypervolemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

9 : A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of a client who the provider suspects has metabolic acidosis. Which of the following results should the nurse expect to see?

10 : A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and wants to better understand the pathophysiology of diabetes. Which of the following statements is correct?

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