Question

Which of the following disorders is a deficiency of factor VIII?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Hemophilia A

Rationale :

Hemophilia A is caused by a deficiency in factor VIII, leading to impaired blood clotting and prolonged bleeding episodes. Individuals with this disorder are at risk for spontaneous bleeding and excessive bleeding following injuries.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL)

Rationale :

The VDRL test detects antibodies produced in response to syphilis. It is a standard screening test used to diagnose syphilis, especially in early stages.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Cystocele

Rationale :

A cystocele occurs when the bladder protrudes into the vaginal wall, leading to symptoms such as urinary urgency, pelvic pressure, and recurrent infections.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

An autoimmune disorder

Rationale :

In idiopathic aplastic anemia, the immune system mistakenly attacks hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow, leading to pancytopenia. This autoimmune destruction occurs without identifiable external causes like toxins or radiation.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

"A prolonged ovarian abnormality should be evaluated thoroughly."

Rationale :

Persistent ovarian cysts in a patient with recurrent history warrant thorough investigation to rule out malignancy or other complications. While previous cysts may have been benign, the persistence suggests potential pathological changes requiring diagnostic procedures like laparoscopy or tumor marker testing.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

"Endometriosis may be associated with painful bowel movements:

Rationale :

Endometrial tissue implants on the bowel can cause dyschezia (painful defecation), especially during menstruation when the ectopic tissue bleeds. This symptom, along with dyspareunia and chronic pelvic pain, strongly suggests endometriosis involvement beyond the uterus.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

White blood count / Absolute neutrophil count

Rationale :

Filgrastim stimulates neutrophil production from bone marrow precursors, which is critical for preventing infections in chemotherapy patients. Monitoring the ANC provides direct evidence of the drug's effectiveness in maintaining adequate immune defenses during myelosuppressive treatment.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

"You will need to empty your bladder just before the exam."

Rationale :

An empty bladder improves visualization during pelvic exams by reducing obstruction of pelvic organs. This simple preparation step enhances examination accuracy without requiring invasive measures or patient discomfort.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Dactylitis

Rationale :

Dactylitis, or hand-foot syndrome, results from vaso-occlusion in small bones of infants with sickle cell disease. The painful swelling is often the first clinical manifestation, occurring when fetal hemoglobin levels decline and sickling begins.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

"Many herbal products have not undergone long term testing for safety and efficacy."

Rationale :

Herbal supplements lack rigorous FDA evaluation, and their effects on menopausal symptoms are not well-established. This balanced response educates patients about potential risks while acknowledging their interest in alternative therapies.

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RN Medsurg II Final Exam

No.

1 : Which of the following disorders is a deficiency of factor VIII?

2 : A nurse is collecting data from a male client who has been exposed to syphilis and has a genital chancre. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate when notifying the provider of these findings?

3 : A 55-year-old postmenopausal woman reports a history of dyspareunia, backache, pelvic pressure, urinary tract infections, and frequent urinary urgency. Which condition does the nurse suspect?

6 : A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who has endometriosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

7 : Which laboratory test will the nurse use to determine whether filgrastim (Neupogen) is effective for a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia who is receiving chemotherapy?

8 : A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who is preparing for a pelvic examination with Papanicolaou (Pap) test. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

10 : A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing menopausal changes and requests information about the use of herbal therapies to relieve her discomfort. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

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