Question

The nurse is providing care for a geriatric patient with loss of hearing acuity over the past several years. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

"Many people experience an age-related decline in their hearing."

Rationale :

This statement accurately reflects presbycusis, the age-related hearing loss common in older adults. It results from degenerative changes in the inner ear structures and auditory nerve over time. The response is therapeutic as it normalizes the experience while avoiding alarm.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

"A primary goal when caring for clients who have a chronic illness is to cure them of the condition:

Rationale :

Chronic illnesses are often managed rather than cured. Patients with the same chronic condition may experience different disease trajectories, requiring individualized treatment plans and patient education.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

"l take metoprolol to control my blood pressure."

Rationale :

Beta-blockers like metoprolol can exacerbate asthma symptoms by causing bronchoconstriction. Patients with asthma should avoid non-selective beta-blockers.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)

Rationale :

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is elevated in heart failure due to increased ventricular wall stress. Low ejection fraction (30%) indicates significant heart failure.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Decreased subcutaneous fat

Rationale :

Older adults have reduced subcutaneous fat, making them more susceptible to temperature fluctuations. Muscle tone and blood pressure do not significantly affect thermoregulation.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

ACTH is a hormone that is normally produced by the pituitary gland.

Rationale :

ACTH stimulates cortisol release from adrenal glands. In Addison's disease, the adrenal response is impaired, but ACTH production remains intact, making this statement factually correct.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Rationale :

SLE causes immune complex deposition in glomeruli, leading to inflammation and chronic damage. This autoimmune mechanism is a well-documented cause of glomerulonephritis.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Furosemide

Rationale :

Furosemide reduces fluid overload in heart failure by promoting diuresis. It is a cornerstone therapy for acute exacerbations to relieve pulmonary congestion

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Low adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and elevated cortisol

Rationale :

Adrenal hyperplasia causes autonomous cortisol overproduction, suppressing pituitary ACTH via negative feedback. This pattern distinguishes primary from secondary Cushing's syndrome.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Loss of central vision and distortion of lines

Rationale :

AMD primarily affects the macula, impairing central vision and causing metamorphopsia (distorted lines). These symptoms distinguish it from peripheral vision loss or floaters.

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RN MedSurg Exam 6

No.

1 : The nurse is providing care for a geriatric patient with loss of hearing acuity over the past several years. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate?

2 : A nurse educator who leads a residency program for new nurses is educating the new nurses on the trajectory of chronic illness. The nurse recognizes a need for further teaching when one of the new nurses states which of the following?

3 : A nurse in a clinic is reviewing the home medications of a client who has a history of asthma, and who is at the clinic to have a routine annual physical. Which statement made by the patient would indicate a need for further action by the nurse?

4 : The nurse is reviewing the results of the client's echocardiogram and observes that the ejection fraction is 30%. Which lab result would the nurse expect to be elevated for a client with this ejection fraction?

5 : A nurse is caring for an 83-year-old client who asks for a warm blanket despite the room temperature being 80°F. The nurse understands that which of the following physiological changes experienced by older adults makes it more difficult for them to maintain their body temperature?

6 : A client is scheduled for an adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test to help diagnose suspected Addison's disease. What should the nurse include when teaching the client about this test?

7 : A nurse is caring for a client who has inflammation of the glomeruli, which was discovered by a routine urinalysis. The nurse understands that which of the following autoimmune disorders can cause chronic glomerulonephritis?

8 : A nurse is caring for a client with an acute heart failure exacerbation. Which of the following medications are commonly prescribed to manage heart failure? (Select all that apply.)

9 : A nurse is caring for a client who has a diagnosis of Cushing syndrome. After performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the underlying cause of the condition is found to be hyperplasia of the adrenal glands. Which of the following lab results would the nurse anticipate with this condition?

10 : A client has been diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration (AMO). Which change in vision would the nurse expect a client with AMD to report?

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