Question

A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. Which of the following medications removes excess potassium from the body?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Patiromer (Veltassa)

Rationale :

Patiromer is a potassium-binding medication that removes excess potassium through the gastrointestinal tract, making it effective for chronic hyperkalemia. Calcium gluconate stabilizes the heart but does not lower potassium, and insulin with sodium bicarbonate temporarily shifts potassium into cells but does not remove it.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

You may end up needing dialysis as the disease progresses.

Rationale :

PKD is a genetic disorder that leads to progressive kidney damage, often resulting in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis or transplant. While PKD is genetic, kidney transplants are an option, and there is no mandatory need for sterilization (vasectomy).

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

You may end up needing dialysis as the disease progresses.

Rationale :

PKD is a genetic disorder that leads to progressive kidney damage, often resulting in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis or transplant. While PKD is genetic, kidney transplants are an option, and there is no mandatory need for sterilization (vasectomy).

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Place the client on a low-protein diet.

Rationale :

Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) causes inflammation and reduced kidney function, requiring dietary protein restriction to prevent further kidney damage. Increased fluids are not advised in clients with oliguria (low urine output), as it can worsen fluid overload.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Comparing the client's current weight to the last post-dialysis weight

Rationale :

Daily weights are the most accurate way to measure fluid retention in CKD, as fluid overload leads to weight gain. Assessing lung sounds and skin turgor helps detect symptoms but does not quantify fluid retention.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Antibiotics

Rationale :

Struvite stones form due to recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), so long-term antibiotics help prevent infections and stone formation. Phosphate binders and calcium supplements are not effective in preventing struvite stones.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

A client with multiple sclerosis who has a flaccid bladder

Rationale :

Post-renal AKI occurs due to urinary obstruction, such as neurogenic bladder dysfunction in multiple sclerosis, which can lead to urinary retention. Heart failure and contrast media can cause pre-renal and intra-renal AKI but do not cause urinary obstruction.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

This medication slows the growth of renal cysts.

Rationale :

Tolvaptan is a vasopressin receptor antagonist that slows cyst growth and disease progression in autosomal dominant PKD. It does not prevent ESRD or increase the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Liver

Rationale :

Purine-rich foods like organ meats (liver, kidney), red meat, shellfish, and alcohol contribute to uric acid stone formation. Milk, spinach, and chocolate do not contain high purine levels.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Peritonitis

Rationale :

Peritonitis is a common complication of peritoneal dialysis, often indicated by nausea, fever, cloudy outflow, and abdominal pain. Pericarditis and pleuritis affect the heart and lungs, not the peritoneal cavity.

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RN ATI MedSurgical Quiz 6

No.

1 : A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. Which of the following medications removes excess potassium from the body?

2 : The nurse is providing education to a male client who is newly- diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following statements should be included in the client teaching?

3 : The nurse is providing education to a male client who is newly- diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following statements should be included in the client teaching?

5 : A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD) for fluid volume overload prior to scheduled hemodialysis.

Which of the following methods provides a reliable measurement of the amount of fluid the client has retained since the last dialysis treatment?

6 : A female client has undergone surgery to remove a large struvite kidney stone. Based on the cause of struvite stones, which medication therapy should the nurse anticipate will be ordered to prevent recurrence of the stones?

7 : Which of the following clients is at risk of developing acute kidney injury from a post-renal cause?

8 : A client with polycystic kidney disease is prescribed the medication Tolvaptan. What should the nurse include when educating the client about this medication.

9 : A client has had recurrent kidney stones. Upon lab analysis of the client's urine, it is found that excessive purine intake is the underlying cause. Which of the following high-purine foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

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RN ATI MedSurgical Quiz 6

No.

1 : A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a serum potassium level of 6.5 mEq/L. Which of the following medications removes excess potassium from the body?

2 : The nurse is providing education to a male client who is newly- diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following statements should be included in the client teaching?

3 : The nurse is providing education to a male client who is newly- diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease. Which of the following statements should be included in the client teaching?

5 : A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD) for fluid volume overload prior to scheduled hemodialysis.Which of the following methods provides a reliable measurement of the amount of fluid the client has retained since the last dialysis treatment?

6 : A female client has undergone surgery to remove a large struvite kidney stone. Based on the cause of struvite stones, which medication therapy should the nurse anticipate will be ordered to prevent recurrence of the stones?

7 : Which of the following clients is at risk of developing acute kidney injury from a post-renal cause?

8 : A client with polycystic kidney disease is prescribed the medication Tolvaptan. What should the nurse include when educating the client about this medication.

9 : A client has had recurrent kidney stones. Upon lab analysis of the client's urine, it is found that excessive purine intake is the underlying cause. Which of the following high-purine foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

5 : A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD) for fluid volume overload prior to scheduled hemodialysis.

Which of the following methods provides a reliable measurement of the amount of fluid the client has retained since the last dialysis treatment?