Question

A 79-year-old patient is receiving a quinolone as treatment for a complicated incision infection. The nurse will monitor for which adverse effect that is associated with these drugs?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Tendonitis and tendon rupture

Rationale :

⏩ Fluoroquinolones are associated with an increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture, particularly involving the Achilles tendon.

⏩ The risk is greater in older adults, especially those older than 60 years, making this 79-year-old patient particularly vulnerable.

⏩ Tendon injury can occur during therapy or even after the quinolone has been discontinued.

⏩ The nurse should instruct the patient to report tendon pain, swelling, stiffness, or difficulty moving a joint immediately.

⏩ The medication should generally be stopped and the affected tendon rested if signs of significant tendon injury occur, with prompt provider evaluation.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Praziquantel (Biltricide)

Rationale :

✅ Praziquantel is an antiparasitic medication used to treat infections caused by many flukes and tapeworms.

✅ The medication increases parasite cell membrane permeability to calcium, resulting in paralysis and death of the parasite.

✅ Praziquantel is commonly used for trematode infections such as schistosomiasis and several liver fluke infections.

✅ The drug is administered according to the specific parasite, infection severity, and prescribed dosing schedule.

✅ Common adverse effects can include dizziness, headache, abdominal discomfort, nausea, and fatigue.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

"You should expect to take these drugs for as long as 24 months."

Rationale :

➡️ Among the options provided, this is the intended exam answer because treatment of tuberculosis requires prolonged multidrug therapy rather than treatment only until symptoms disappear.

➡️ Older pharmacology references describe some tuberculosis regimens lasting many months and occasionally up to 18 to 24 months, particularly for resistant or complicated disease.

➡️ The prolonged treatment period is necessary because Mycobacterium tuberculosis grows slowly and can persist in body tissues despite improvement in symptoms.

➡️ Clients must complete the entire prescribed regimen to reduce the risk of treatment failure, relapse, and drug resistance.

➡️ Current treatment duration varies with the regimen and resistance pattern, and uncomplicated drug-susceptible TB is often treated for considerably less than 24 months.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

"Do not share any of your medications with anyone. Contact your son's health care provider to discuss your concerns."

Rationale :

↪️ Antitubercular medications must never be shared because treatment must be individualized according to the person's diagnosis, weight, exposure history, and clinical findings.

↪️ A child who has been exposed to active tuberculosis requires appropriate screening and medical evaluation rather than receiving another person's medication.

↪️ Pediatric treatment or preventive therapy uses specific medication regimens and weight-based dosing that may differ from the parent's regimen.

↪️ Sharing medications could result in incorrect dosing, toxicity, inadequate treatment, and promotion of drug resistance.

↪️ The child's health care provider should evaluate the exposure and determine whether testing or preventive treatment is indicated.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

20

Rationale :

🔶Formula

🔶Volume = Desired dose ÷ Dose on hand × Quantity.

🔶200 mg ÷ 10 mg × 1 mL.

🔶 200 ÷ 10

💎20 mL

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

Rationale :

💠 Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone with activity against numerous gram-negative and some gram-positive organisms.

💠 Ciprofloxacin has historically been an important medication for treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis of anthrax caused by Bacillus anthracis.

💠 It inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, preventing bacterial DNA replication and cell division.

💠 The medication can be administered orally or intravenously depending on the severity and clinical circumstances.

💠 Important adverse effects include tendinitis, tendon rupture, CNS effects, peripheral neuropathy, QT prolongation, and gastrointestinal effects.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

"This is an expected side effect of the medicine. Let's review what to expect."

Rationale :

❇️ Rifampin, a common first-line antitubercular medication, causes harmless orange-red discoloration of urine and other body fluids.

❇️ Discoloration can also affect tears, sweat, saliva, and sputum, which should be explained before therapy begins.

❇️ The client should understand that this color change is expected and does not indicate worsening tuberculosis.

❇️ Rifampin-containing tears can permanently stain soft contact lenses, so appropriate teaching is important.

❇️ Recognition of this expected effect can prevent unnecessary anxiety and improve adherence to the prescribed TB regimen.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Before beginning the infusion, administering an antipyretic and an antiemetic drug.

Rationale :

⏭️ Amphotericin B commonly causes infusion-related reactions such as fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, headache, and malaise.

⏭️ Premedication with medications such as an antipyretic and antiemetic can reduce the severity of expected infusion reactions.

⏭️ Additional medications such as antihistamines may also be prescribed depending on the patient's previous reactions and facility protocol.

⏭️ Amphotericin B must be administered carefully because it can also cause serious toxicities including nephrotoxicity, electrolyte disturbances, and anemia.

⏭️ The nurse should closely monitor vital signs, renal function, potassium, magnesium, and the patient's response throughout therapy.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Atovaquone (Mepron)

Rationale :

🔼 Atovaquone is an antimicrobial agent that can be used to treat mild-to-moderate Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) in patients who cannot tolerate preferred therapy.

🔼 The usual first-line treatment for PJP is trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, but that medication is not listed among the answer choices.

🔼 Atovaquone interferes with mitochondrial electron transport within susceptible organisms, reducing their ability to produce energy.

🔼 The medication is commonly administered as an oral suspension and should generally be taken with food to improve absorption.

🔼 Important adverse effects can include nausea, diarrhea, rash, headache, and elevated liver enzymes.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Rationale :

💟 Isoniazid inhibits hepatic metabolism of phenytoin, which can increase serum phenytoin concentrations.

💟 Elevated phenytoin levels increase the risk of toxicity, including nystagmus, ataxia, slurred speech, confusion, and excessive sedation.

💟 Patients receiving both medications may require careful serum phenytoin level monitoring and dosage adjustment.

💟 The nurse should monitor closely for neurological changes that could indicate excessive phenytoin concentrations.

💟 Recognizing this interaction is important because untreated phenytoin toxicity can lead to serious neurologic complications.

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NSG 212 001 Nursing Pharmacology II

No.

1 :
A 79-year-old patient is receiving a quinolone as treatment for a complicated incision infection. The nurse will monitor for which adverse effect that is associated with these drugs?

2 :
A patient has an infestation with flukes. The nurse anticipates the use of which drug to treat this infestation?

3 :
A patient who has started drug therapy for tuberculosis wants to know how long he will be on the medications. Which response by the nurse is correct?

5 :
A patient will be taking fluconazole (Diflucan) 200 mg/day PO for 2 weeks. The patient is unable to swallow tablets, so an oral suspension that contains 10 mg/mL is available. Identify how many milliliters will the nurse administer with each dose. the answer.

6 :
This drug was one of the first of the broad-coverage, potent quinolones to become available. It is also a drug of choice for the treatment of anthrax (infection with with Bacillus Anthracis). What is the drug?

7 :
A patient newly diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) has been taking antitubercular drugs for 1 week calls the clinic and is very upset. He says, "My urine is dark orange! What's wrong with me?" Which response by the nurse is correct?

8 :
The nurse is preparing an infusion of amphotericin B for a patient who has a severe fungal infection. Which intervention is appropriate regarding the potential adverse effects of amphotericin B?

9 :
A patient with late-stage HIV infection also has Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. The nurse anticipates treatment with which medication for this pneumonia? Select one:

10 :
The nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a patient who is taking isoniazid (INH). Which drug or drug class has a significant drug interaction with isoniazid? Select one:

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NSG 212 001 Nursing Pharmacology II

No.

1 : A 79-year-old patient is receiving a quinolone as treatment for a complicated incision infection. The nurse will monitor for which adverse effect that is associated with these drugs?

2 : A patient has an infestation with flukes. The nurse anticipates the use of which drug to treat this infestation?

3 : A patient who has started drug therapy for tuberculosis wants to know how long he will be on the medications. Which response by the nurse is correct?

5 : A patient will be taking fluconazole (Diflucan) 200 mg/day PO for 2 weeks. The patient is unable to swallow tablets, so an oral suspension that contains 10 mg/mL is available. Identify how many milliliters will the nurse administer with each dose. the answer.

6 : This drug was one of the first of the broad-coverage, potent quinolones to become available. It is also a drug of choice for the treatment of anthrax (infection with with Bacillus Anthracis). What is the drug?

7 : A patient newly diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) has been taking antitubercular drugs for 1 week calls the clinic and is very upset. He says, "My urine is dark orange! What's wrong with me?" Which response by the nurse is correct?

8 : The nurse is preparing an infusion of amphotericin B for a patient who has a severe fungal infection. Which intervention is appropriate regarding the potential adverse effects of amphotericin B?

9 : A patient with late-stage HIV infection also has Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. The nurse anticipates treatment with which medication for this pneumonia? Select one:

10 : The nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a patient who is taking isoniazid (INH). Which drug or drug class has a significant drug interaction with isoniazid? Select one:

1 :
A 79-year-old patient is receiving a quinolone as treatment for a complicated incision infection. The nurse will monitor for which adverse effect that is associated with these drugs?

2 :
A patient has an infestation with flukes. The nurse anticipates the use of which drug to treat this infestation?

3 :
A patient who has started drug therapy for tuberculosis wants to know how long he will be on the medications. Which response by the nurse is correct?

5 :
A patient will be taking fluconazole (Diflucan) 200 mg/day PO for 2 weeks. The patient is unable to swallow tablets, so an oral suspension that contains 10 mg/mL is available. Identify how many milliliters will the nurse administer with each dose. the answer.

6 :
This drug was one of the first of the broad-coverage, potent quinolones to become available. It is also a drug of choice for the treatment of anthrax (infection with with Bacillus Anthracis). What is the drug?

7 :
A patient newly diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) has been taking antitubercular drugs for 1 week calls the clinic and is very upset. He says, "My urine is dark orange! What's wrong with me?" Which response by the nurse is correct?

8 :
The nurse is preparing an infusion of amphotericin B for a patient who has a severe fungal infection. Which intervention is appropriate regarding the potential adverse effects of amphotericin B?

9 :
A patient with late-stage HIV infection also has Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. The nurse anticipates treatment with which medication for this pneumonia? Select one:

10 :
The nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a patient who is taking isoniazid (INH). Which drug or drug class has a significant drug interaction with isoniazid? Select one: