Question

A nurse is caring for a client with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder who struggles with perfectionism and difficulty finishing tasks. Which nursing action is most appropriate?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Help the client set deadlines and accept less-than-perfect work.

Rationale :

🔷 Clients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) often struggle with perfectionism, rigidity, and excessive devotion to rules, which can interfere with task completion and functioning.

🔷 Helping the client set realistic deadlines promotes productivity and prevents them from becoming stuck trying to make every detail perfect.

🔷 Encouraging acceptance of less-than-perfect work supports healthier coping and gradually reduces the maladaptive need for total control.

🔷 This intervention maintains the client’s independence while guiding them toward more flexible and functional behavior.

🔷 It is the most appropriate nursing action because it addresses the core problem of perfectionism that blocks task completion.

Have the client finish every task perfectly.

🔷 Reinforcing perfectionism strengthens the maladaptive behavior that already interferes with the client’s functioning.

🔷 Nursing care should reduce rigid standards, not intensify them.

Avoid discussing the client's rigid behaviors.

🔷 Avoiding the issue prevents the nurse from addressing the behavior that is contributing to the client’s difficulty.

🔷 Therapeutic care should help the client recognize and gradually modify rigid patterns.

Take over the client's tasks.

🔷 Taking over tasks reduces the client’s opportunity to build healthier coping and problem-solving skills.

🔷 Nursing interventions should support independence and behavior change rather than foster dependence.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

"Its best to learn and practice deep breathing and guided imagery when you are calm."

Rationale :

💎 Relaxation skills such as deep breathing and guided imagery are most effective when learned and practiced before anxiety becomes severe.

💎 Practicing while calm helps the client become familiar with the technique so it can be used more successfully during stressful situations.

💎 Panic disorder management often includes building coping skills early rather than waiting until the client feels overwhelmed.

💎 Repeated practice improves the client’s sense of control and can reduce the intensity of anxiety symptoms during future episodes.

💎 This is the most accurate statement because coping techniques work best when they are rehearsed in a calm state and used early.

"Avoid thinking about stressful situations to prevent anxiety."

💎 Avoidance can worsen anxiety over time because it prevents the client from learning healthy coping strategies.

💎 Treatment focuses on managing anxiety effectively, not pretending stressors do not exist.

"Wait until your anxiety is severe before trying relaxation techniques."

💎 Waiting until anxiety is severe makes it harder for the client to use coping skills effectively.

💎 Relaxation strategies are most useful when started early or practiced ahead of time.

"You should practice relaxation techniques only during a panic attack."

💎 Relaxation techniques should be practiced regularly, not only during panic attacks.

💎 Regular practice increases the likelihood that the client can use them effectively when anxiety rises.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Guanfacine (Intuniv)
Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse)
Atomoxetine (Strattera)
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

Rationale :

Guanfacine (Intuniv)

🟣 Guanfacine is a nonstimulant medication used in the treatment of ADHD.

🟣 It can help improve attention, impulse control, and hyperactivity, especially in children and adolescents.

🟣 Guanfacine is often considered when stimulant medications are not tolerated or when an additional medication is needed.

🟣 It works differently from stimulant medications but is still an accepted ADHD treatment option.

🟣 This makes guanfacine a correct answer because it is an established medication used for ADHD management.

Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse)

🟣 Lisdexamfetamine is a stimulant medication approved for treatment of ADHD.

🟣 Stimulants are commonly used because they improve focus, attention span, and impulse control.

🟣 Lisdexamfetamine belongs to the amphetamine class and is widely used in school-age children, adolescents, and adults with ADHD.

🟣 It is not curative, but it can significantly reduce symptoms when prescribed appropriately.

🟣 This makes lisdexamfetamine a correct medication choice for ADHD treatment.

Atomoxetine (Strattera)

🟣 Atomoxetine is a nonstimulant medication used to treat ADHD.

🟣 It is especially useful for some clients who do not respond well to stimulants or who need an alternative treatment class.

🟣 Atomoxetine can improve attention and behavioral regulation over time.

🟣 Unlike stimulants, it is not a controlled stimulant drug, but it still plays a recognized role in ADHD management.

🟣 This makes atomoxetine a correct answer for ADHD pharmacologic treatment.

Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

🟣 Methylphenidate is one of the best-known stimulant medications used to treat ADHD.

🟣 It helps reduce inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.

🟣 Clinical guidance recognizes methylphenidate as an important treatment option, including in children when behavioral interventions alone are not enough.

🟣 It is a symptom-management medication and is often combined with school and behavioral supports.

🟣 This makes methylphenidate a correct answer for ADHD treatment.

Lorazepam (Ativan)

🟣 Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine primarily used for anxiety, sedation, and related indications, not as a standard ADHD treatment.

🟣 It does not target the core symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity in the way approved ADHD medications do.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Experiencing physical injury during the trauma
Lack of social support
Direct involvement in the traumatic event
Loss of loved ones in the traumatic event

Rationale :

Experiencing physical injury during the trauma

✅ Greater trauma severity, including physical injury, is associated with increased risk of developing PTSD.

✅ Physical injury can intensify the perception of threat and deepen the emotional impact of the event.

✅ Severe trauma often leads to stronger fear responses and more persistent posttraumatic symptoms.

✅ Injury also may create prolonged stress through pain, disability, or repeated reminders of the event.

✅ This makes physical injury during the trauma a clear PTSD risk factor.

Lack of social support

✅ Low social support after trauma is a well-recognized risk factor for developing PTSD.

✅ Supportive relationships can help survivors process the event, regulate distress, and regain a sense of safety.

✅ When support is limited, survivors may feel isolated, misunderstood, or overwhelmed by their symptoms.

✅ This lack of connection can make traumatic stress reactions more persistent and harder to manage.

✅ This makes lack of social support a correct PTSD risk factor.

Direct involvement in the traumatic event

✅ Direct exposure to a traumatic event is one of the core pathways through which PTSD develops.

✅ People who directly experience threat, injury, or disaster are at higher risk than those with more distant exposure.

✅ Direct involvement intensifies the sense of helplessness, fear, and danger associated with trauma.

✅ These reactions can later contribute to intrusive memories, hyperarousal, and avoidance symptoms.

✅ This makes direct involvement in the traumatic event a correct risk factor.

Loss of loved ones in the traumatic event

✅ The loss of loved ones during a traumatic event increases emotional burden and can heighten the risk of PTSD.

✅ Bereavement combined with trauma exposure can intensify helplessness, guilt, intrusive memories, and prolonged distress.

✅ The survivor is coping not only with the event itself but also with profound grief and relationship loss.

✅ This combination can complicate recovery and prolong posttraumatic symptoms.

✅ This makes loss of loved ones a correct PTSD risk factor.

Participation in posttrauma counseling immediately after the event

✅ Participation in supportive counseling after trauma is generally intended to reduce distress and support recovery, not increase PTSD risk.

✅ It is not considered a risk factor in the way injury, direct exposure, loss, and poor support are.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Adjustment disorder

Rationale :

🔶 Adjustment disorder occurs when emotional or behavioral symptoms develop in response to an identifiable stressor, such as a divorce.

🔶 The client’s symptoms began within 3 months of the stressor, which fits the expected time frame for adjustment disorder.

🔶 Anxiety, distress, and sleep problems are common manifestations when a person is struggling to cope with a major life change.

🔶 The statement “I feel like I’m not handling this as well as I should” also reflects difficulty adapting to the stressor rather than a trauma-specific disorder.

🔶 This makes adjustment disorder the most likely condition because the symptoms are linked to a clear stressor and began within the expected time period.

Panic disorder

🔶 Panic disorder is characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks and ongoing fear of additional attacks.

🔶 The scenario focuses on stress-related anxiety after divorce, not repeated spontaneous panic episodes.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

🔶 PTSD requires exposure to a traumatic event involving actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence.

🔶 A divorce is highly stressful, but it does not fit the classic trauma exposure required for PTSD diagnosis.

Acute stress disorder

🔶 Acute stress disorder follows a traumatic event and involves trauma-related symptoms for a limited early period.

🔶 This client’s presentation is tied to divorce stress, not to a qualifying traumatic event.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

"ADHD is chronic; the goal of treatment is to manage symptoms and increase attention, often using both medications and behavioral strategies."

Rationale :

🔵 ADHD is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder, so treatment focuses on symptom management, not cure.

🔵 Effective care often combines medications with behavioral strategies, school support, and parent training.

🔵 This combination can improve attention, impulse control, task completion, and classroom functioning.

🔵 Families benefit from understanding that treatment is ongoing and may need adjustments over time as the child develops.

🔵 This statement is the most accurate because it describes ADHD as a chronic condition managed through multimodal treatment.

"Giving your child Ritalin or Adderall will cure ADHD completely."

🔵 Stimulant medications can reduce symptoms, but they do not cure ADHD.

🔵 Treatment aims to improve functioning and symptom control over time.

"Sugar-controlled diets and megavitamins are the most effective treatments."

🔵 Current guidance supports behavioral interventions and approved ADHD medications rather than relying on sugar control or megavitamins as the most effective treatment.

🔵 Dietary approaches alone are not the standard evidence-based first-line treatment for most children with ADHD.

"Behavioral strategies alone are sufficient to treat ADHD."

🔵 Behavioral strategies are important, but many children benefit most from a combination of behavioral supports and medication.

🔵 Saying behavioral strategies alone are always sufficient is too absolute and inaccurate.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Sit with the client, speak calmly, and provide short, simple directions

Rationale :

🟢 During a panic attack, the nurse’s first priority is to provide presence, safety, and calm, simple communication.

🟢 Severe anxiety decreases the client’s ability to process complex information, so short, simple directions are more effective than lengthy explanations.

🟢 Staying with the client also helps reduce feelings of isolation and fear while reinforcing that the nurse is in control of the situation.

🟢 A calm approach can help de-escalate the client’s distress and support gradual return of self-control.

🟢 This makes sitting with the client and giving brief, calm directions the priority intervention because it addresses the immediate crisis safely.

Leave the client briefly to obtain prescribed antianxiety medication

🟢 Leaving the client alone during a panic attack can increase fear and worsen the sense of loss of control.

🟢 Medication may be helpful, but the priority is first to remain with the client and provide immediate support.

Ask the client to explain what triggered the panic attack

🟢 A client in severe panic often cannot think clearly enough to analyze triggers at that moment.

🟢 Trigger exploration can be done later, after the acute anxiety has decreased.

Tell the client to focus on controlling their breathing independently

🟢 A client in panic may not be able to manage symptoms independently without support.

🟢 The nurse should give calm guidance rather than expecting the client to self-regulate alone in the crisis moment.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Break tasks into smaller steps, give step-by-step directions, and supervise initially.

Rationale :

⭐ Children with ADHD often struggle with sustained attention, organization, and completing multistep tasks.

⭐ Breaking a task into smaller steps makes the activity more manageable and reduces the chance that the child becomes overwhelmed.

⭐ Step-by-step directions improve clarity and help the child stay focused on one action at a time.

⭐ Initial supervision supports success, provides structure, and allows the parent to reinforce progress immediately.

⭐ This is the most appropriate approach because it matches the child’s developmental and attentional needs while building task-completion skills.

Encourage the child to complete all tasks at once without breaks.

⭐ Expecting the child to complete everything at once can be overwhelming and may reduce success.

⭐ Children with ADHD usually do better with structure, pacing, and manageable segments.

Give the child a general direction, such as "Clean your room."

⭐ A broad instruction may be too vague for a child with ADHD to organize effectively.

⭐ More specific and sequenced directions improve follow-through.

Leave the child alone to figure out the task independently.

⭐ Independent problem-solving is important over time, but children with ADHD often need initial structure and supervision.

⭐ Leaving the child alone too soon may increase frustration and incomplete work.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Feeling detached from one's own mental processes or body while remaining aware of reality.

Rationale :

🌸 Depersonalization is a dissociative experience in which a person feels detached from self, such as feeling unreal or observing their own thoughts or body from outside.

🌸 A key feature is that reality testing remains intact, meaning the person knows the experience is strange but not actually psychotic.

🌸 This distinguishes depersonalization from hallucinations, delusions, or loss of reality contact.

🌸 Clients may describe feeling emotionally numb, robotic, or disconnected from their body or mental processes.

🌸 This makes the statement correct because it captures both the detachment from self and the preserved awareness of reality.

Experiencing multiple personalities that take control of behavior.

🌸 This describes dissociative identity disorder, not depersonalization.

🌸 Depersonalization involves detachment from self, not the presence of multiple identity states.

Loss of touch with reality, including hallucinations or delusions.

🌸 Hallucinations and delusions suggest psychosis, not depersonalization.

🌸 In depersonalization, the person remains aware that the experience is internal and unusual.

Sudden relocation with memory loss of personal information.

🌸 This describes dissociative fugue, not depersonalization.

🌸 Fugue involves travel or wandering with amnesia, whereas depersonalization centers on detachment from self.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Cognitive processing therapy (CPT)

Rationale :

✨ Cognitive processing therapy (CPT) is a trauma-focused treatment for PTSD that helps clients identify and challenge distorted beliefs related to the trauma.

✨ It often includes work on thoughts such as self-blame, guilt, shame, and unsafe assumptions, which are common after sexual assault.

✨ The description of reading a written trauma account and examining erroneous beliefs is highly consistent with CPT.

✨ CPT helps clients replace inaccurate trauma-related thoughts with more balanced and realistic interpretations.

✨ This makes cognitive processing therapy the correct answer because it specifically focuses on distorted thinking and trauma-related beliefs.

Exposure therapy

✨ Exposure therapy focuses on reducing fear by repeated safe exposure to trauma memories or reminders.

✨ While trauma processing may involve exposure elements, the key feature here is working on distorted beliefs and self-blame, which points more specifically to CPT.

Adaptive disclosure therapy

✨ Adaptive disclosure therapy is more specialized and is not the best match for the described focus on written accounts and cognitive restructuring.

✨ The scenario specifically emphasizes identifying erroneous beliefs, which is more characteristic of CPT.

Group counseling

✨ Group counseling can be supportive, but it is not defined by structured cognitive work on trauma beliefs and written trauma accounts.

✨ The therapy described is a specific evidence-based PTSD treatment rather than a general group format.

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Custom NURS 2120 Mental Health Exam 3

No.

1 :
A nurse is caring for a client with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder who struggles with perfectionism and difficulty finishing tasks. Which nursing action is most appropriate?

2 :
A client with panic disorder asks the nurse how they can manage anxiety during stressful situations. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate?

3 :
Which medications are used to treat ADHD? (Select all that apply).

4 :
A nurse is assessing a client who survived a natural disaster. Based on the etiology of PTSD, which of the following factors increase the client's risk of developing PTSD? (Select all that apply.)

5 :
A nurse in a primary care clinic is assessing a client who reports increased anxiety and difficulty sleeping after a recent divorce. The client states, "l feel like I'm not handling this as well as I should." Symptoms began 1 month ago. Which condition does the nurse suspect?

6 :
A 9-year-old child with ADHD is starting school. The child has difficulty paying attention, is impulsive, and struggles to complete tasks. The nurse is teaching the parents about treatment options. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate?

7 :
A client is experiencing a panic attack and is trembling, pacing, and stating, "l feel like I'm dying!" What is the nurse's priority action?

8 :
A nurse is teaching a parent strategies to help their 7-year-old child with ADHD complete tasks such as homework or cleaning their room. Which approach is most appropriate?

9 :
Which statement best defines depersonalization?

10 :
A 30-year-old client with PTSD after a sexual assault says, "It was my fault, I should have done something differently." In therapy, she reads a written account of the traumat identifies erroneous beliefs, and works on recognizing distorted thinking patterns.

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Custom NURS 2120 Mental Health Exam 3

No.

1 : A nurse is caring for a client with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder who struggles with perfectionism and difficulty finishing tasks. Which nursing action is most appropriate?

2 : A client with panic disorder asks the nurse how they can manage anxiety during stressful situations. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate?

3 : Which medications are used to treat ADHD? (Select all that apply).

4 : A nurse is assessing a client who survived a natural disaster. Based on the etiology of PTSD, which of the following factors increase the client's risk of developing PTSD? (Select all that apply.)

5 : A nurse in a primary care clinic is assessing a client who reports increased anxiety and difficulty sleeping after a recent divorce. The client states, "l feel like I'm not handling this as well as I should." Symptoms began 1 month ago. Which condition does the nurse suspect?

6 : A 9-year-old child with ADHD is starting school. The child has difficulty paying attention, is impulsive, and struggles to complete tasks. The nurse is teaching the parents about treatment options. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate?

7 : A client is experiencing a panic attack and is trembling, pacing, and stating, "l feel like I'm dying!" What is the nurse's priority action?

8 : A nurse is teaching a parent strategies to help their 7-year-old child with ADHD complete tasks such as homework or cleaning their room. Which approach is most appropriate?

9 : Which statement best defines depersonalization?

10 : A 30-year-old client with PTSD after a sexual assault says, "It was my fault, I should have done something differently." In therapy, she reads a written account of the traumat identifies erroneous beliefs, and works on recognizing distorted thinking patterns.

1 :
A nurse is caring for a client with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder who struggles with perfectionism and difficulty finishing tasks. Which nursing action is most appropriate?

2 :
A client with panic disorder asks the nurse how they can manage anxiety during stressful situations. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate?

3 :
Which medications are used to treat ADHD? (Select all that apply).

4 :
A nurse is assessing a client who survived a natural disaster. Based on the etiology of PTSD, which of the following factors increase the client's risk of developing PTSD? (Select all that apply.)

5 :
A nurse in a primary care clinic is assessing a client who reports increased anxiety and difficulty sleeping after a recent divorce. The client states, "l feel like I'm not handling this as well as I should." Symptoms began 1 month ago. Which condition does the nurse suspect?

6 :
A 9-year-old child with ADHD is starting school. The child has difficulty paying attention, is impulsive, and struggles to complete tasks. The nurse is teaching the parents about treatment options. Which statement by the nurse is most accurate?

7 :
A client is experiencing a panic attack and is trembling, pacing, and stating, "l feel like I'm dying!" What is the nurse's priority action?

8 :
A nurse is teaching a parent strategies to help their 7-year-old child with ADHD complete tasks such as homework or cleaning their room. Which approach is most appropriate?

9 :
Which statement best defines depersonalization?

10 :
A 30-year-old client with PTSD after a sexual assault says, "It was my fault, I should have done something differently." In therapy, she reads a written account of the traumat identifies erroneous beliefs, and works on recognizing distorted thinking patterns.