Question

Which term describes a splitting open of the wound for a postoperative patient?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Dehiscence

Rationale :

🔷Dehiscence is the partial or complete separation of previously approximated surgical wound edges before full healing occurs.

🔷It typically occurs after a sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure (e.g., coughing, straining) or from poor wound healing due to infection, malnutrition, or steroid use.

🔷Patients often report a “popping” or “giving way” sensation, followed by increased serosanguineous drainage from the incision.

🔷Prompt nursing actions include supporting the incision, reducing strain (knees bent, splinting), and notifying the provider to prevent progression to evisceration.

🔷Early recognition of dehiscence helps prevent exposure of underlying tissues and serious complications.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Type of glaucoma present

Rationale :

🔶Gonioscopy directly visualizes the anterior chamber angle (between the iris and cornea) using a special contact lens and mirrored prisms.

🔶This examination determines whether the angle is open or narrow/closed, distinguishing open-angle from angle-closure glaucoma—the key classification for management.

🔶Identifying the angle status guides treatment choices (e.g., laser trabeculoplasty for open-angle vs laser peripheral iridotomy for narrow/closed angles).

🔶Gonioscopy also detects peripheral anterior synechiae and angle anomalies that influence prognosis.

🔶Thus, it primarily reveals the type of glaucoma, not corneal trauma, infection, or refractive error.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Situation, background, assessment, recommendation (SBAR)

Rationale :

💠SBAR is a standardized, formal communication framework designed to ensure clear, concise, and structured information exchange among health-care team members.

💠It organizes the message into Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation, reducing omissions and misinterpretations during handoffs and urgent updates.

💠Using SBAR supports patient safety, team situational awareness, and rapid decision-making—all elements of formal communication standards.

💠Many institutions mandate SBAR in policies, embedding it into workflows as a formal method rather than an informal alert or tool.

💠Evidence shows SBAR improves interprofessional collaboration and reduces communication-related errors.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Ischemia

Rationale :

🔷In secondary spinal cord injury, ischemia refers to reduced or absent blood flow to spinal tissues, depriving them of oxygen and nutrients.

🔷This hypoperfusion triggers a biochemical cascade (excitotoxicity, free-radical formation, calcium influx) that worsens neuronal damage beyond the initial insult.

🔷Vasospasm, edema, and hypotension commonly contribute to spinal cord ischemia after trauma.

🔷Prompt management focuses on maintaining adequate mean arterial pressure (MAP) and oxygenation to limit ischemic injury.

🔷Recognizing ischemia as the central mechanism of secondary injury informs early hemodynamic optimization and neuroprotective strategies.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

The RRT is also called the medical emergency team (MET).

Rationale :

🔶The Rapid Response Team (RRT) is commonly referred to as a Medical Emergency Team (MET) in many systems—same concept, different name.

🔶RRT/METs bring critical care expertise (e.g., ICU nurse, respiratory therapist, physician/advanced clinician) to the bedside when patients show early deterioration.

🔶Their aim is pre-arrest intervention, reducing in-hospital cardiac arrests and unplanned ICU transfers through timely escalation.

🔶They respond to concerns from any staff member or family based on physiologic triggers (e.g., RR, BP, mental status changes).

🔶The initiative is supported by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) as a patient-safety strategy to catch deterioration early.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

The judge

Rationale :

💠Only a court of law—specifically, a judge—has the authority to appoint a legal guardian for an adult who lacks decision-making capacity and has no surrogate.

💠The process requires legal adjudication of incapacity and ensures the patient’s rights and interests are protected under due process.

💠Health-care professionals may initiate petitions or provide documentation, but they cannot appoint guardians.

💠The judge may assign limited or full guardianship depending on the individual’s functional abilities and best interests.

💠This legal safeguard ensures ethical consent for procedures such as abdominal surgery when the patient cannot consent.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

"l should eat more eggs and cereals for potassium."

Rationale :

🔷High-ceiling (loop) diuretics increase urinary potassium loss, so patients need high-potassium foods to prevent hypokalemia.

🔷Eggs and most cereals are not good potassium sources, making this statement indicate misunderstanding and need for further teaching.

🔷Better options include bananas, oranges, potatoes, tomatoes, spinach, dried fruits, and meats, which contain substantially more potassium.

🔷Educating patients to read labels, plan meals, and monitor symptoms (muscle weakness, cramps, arrhythmias) supports safe therapy.

🔷Reinforce any provider-ordered potassium supplements and follow-up labs to maintain normal serum potassium.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Immunoglobin E (lgE)

Rationale :

🔶Anaphylaxis is a Type I hypersensitivity reaction mediated by IgE antibodies bound to mast cells and basophils.

🔶Upon re-exposure to the allergen, cross-linking of IgE triggers degranulation and release of histamine, leukotrienes, and other mediators.

🔶This causes vasodilation, bronchospasm, increased vascular permeability, and tissue edema, producing the anaphylactic syndrome.

🔶Consequently, IgE levels and allergen-specific IgE may be elevated after such reactions.

🔶Understanding IgE’s role guides diagnostics (e.g., specific IgE testing) and prevention strategies (avoidance, epinephrine autoinjector education).

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Intensivist

Rationale :

💠An intensivist is a physician specializing in critical care medicine, trained to manage life-threatening conditions in ICUs.

💠They coordinate multidisciplinary care, including advanced hemodynamic support, mechanical ventilation, and complex organ-support therapies.

💠Intensivists ensure evidence-based protocols, sedation/analgesia strategies, and early mobilization to improve ICU outcomes.

💠Their presence is associated with reduced mortality, shorter length of stay, and fewer complications in critical care units.

💠They also lead rapid response and code blue oversight, ensuring continuity across acute-care escalation pathways.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Melanin

Rationale :

🔷Melanin is the skin’s primary photoprotective pigment, absorbing and dispersing ultraviolet (UV) radiation to limit DNA damage.

🔷Lower melanin levels reduce this protection, increasing risk for sunburn, photoaging, and UV-induced mutations.

🔷Melanin also scavenges free radicals generated by UV exposure, adding a biochemical shield beyond mere light absorption.

🔷Individuals with melanin deficiency require stricter photoprotection (broad-spectrum sunscreen, protective clothing, shade).

🔷Understanding melanin’s role supports personalized sun-safety counseling and skin-cancer prevention strategies.

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ADN Nur 202 Concepts in Adult Health care l- Fall 2025

No.

1 :
Which term describes a splitting open of the wound for a postoperative patient?

2 :
Which information would a gonioscopy test reveal?

3 :
Which method of communication between two or more members of a health care team is a formal means of communication?

4 :
Which secondary spinal cord injury typically results from reduced or absent blood flow?

5 :
When explaining the Rapid Response Team (RRT) as one successful initiative of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), the nurse would include which additional information?

6 :
Which individual can appoint a legal guardian for a patient who is scheduled for abdominal surgery, is unable to give consent, and has no family?

7 :
Which patient response to the nurse who is teaching nutrition therapy to a patient prescribed high-ceiling diuretic therapy indicates a need for further teaching?

8 :
Which antibody level would the nurse expect to be elevated in a patient after an anaphylactic reaction?

9 :
Which member of the health care team would the nurse recognize as a health care provider who specializes in critical care?

10 :
Which deficiency will the nurse be concerned with, as it relates to protection of the skin from ultraviolet (UV) light, that could increase the risk for sunburn?

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ADN Nur 202 Concepts in Adult Health care l- Fall 2025

No.

1 : Which term describes a splitting open of the wound for a postoperative patient?

2 : Which information would a gonioscopy test reveal?

3 : Which method of communication between two or more members of a health care team is a formal means of communication?

4 : Which secondary spinal cord injury typically results from reduced or absent blood flow?

5 : When explaining the Rapid Response Team (RRT) as one successful initiative of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), the nurse would include which additional information?

6 : Which individual can appoint a legal guardian for a patient who is scheduled for abdominal surgery, is unable to give consent, and has no family?

7 : Which patient response to the nurse who is teaching nutrition therapy to a patient prescribed high-ceiling diuretic therapy indicates a need for further teaching?

8 : Which antibody level would the nurse expect to be elevated in a patient after an anaphylactic reaction?

9 : Which member of the health care team would the nurse recognize as a health care provider who specializes in critical care?

10 : Which deficiency will the nurse be concerned with, as it relates to protection of the skin from ultraviolet (UV) light, that could increase the risk for sunburn?

1 :
Which term describes a splitting open of the wound for a postoperative patient?

2 :
Which information would a gonioscopy test reveal?

3 :
Which method of communication between two or more members of a health care team is a formal means of communication?

4 :
Which secondary spinal cord injury typically results from reduced or absent blood flow?

5 :
When explaining the Rapid Response Team (RRT) as one successful initiative of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), the nurse would include which additional information?

6 :
Which individual can appoint a legal guardian for a patient who is scheduled for abdominal surgery, is unable to give consent, and has no family?

7 :
Which patient response to the nurse who is teaching nutrition therapy to a patient prescribed high-ceiling diuretic therapy indicates a need for further teaching?

8 :
Which antibody level would the nurse expect to be elevated in a patient after an anaphylactic reaction?

9 :
Which member of the health care team would the nurse recognize as a health care provider who specializes in critical care?

10 :
Which deficiency will the nurse be concerned with, as it relates to protection of the skin from ultraviolet (UV) light, that could increase the risk for sunburn?