Question

A nurse is assessing a client admitted with recurrent gallstones (cholelithiasis). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Right upper quadrant pain that radiates to the right shoulder after a fatty meal

Rationale :

🟢 Cholelithiasis (gallstones) typically causes right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain that may radiate to the right shoulder or scapula, especially after eating fatty meals due to gallbladder contraction against obstructed bile flow.

🟢 This occurs because bile duct obstruction triggers inflammation (cholecystitis) and distension, leading to colicky, postprandial pain.

🟢 Associated findings may include nausea, vomiting, and fat intolerance.

🟢 The nurse should anticipate diagnostic tests like ultrasound and elevated bilirubin or alkaline phosphatase levels to confirm diagnosis.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

"I should use an incentive spirometer regularly to keep my lungs clear."

Rationale :

🔵 After an esophagectomy, deep breathing and incentive spirometry are essential to prevent atelectasis and pneumonia, as surgical pain often limits chest expansion.

🔵 The client must perform these exercises regularly to promote lung expansion and secretion clearance, even though the lungs were not directly operated on.

🔵 Early respiratory exercises also reduce postoperative hypoxia and infection risk.

🔵 Proper use of the spirometer enhances oxygenation and accelerates recovery by maintaining optimal pulmonary function.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Right lower quadrant abdominal pain with weight loss and malabsorption

Rationale :

🟣 Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the GI tract, most commonly the terminal ileum and ascending colon.

🟣 The inflammation causes right lower quadrant (RLQ) pain, diarrhea, weight loss, and malabsorption due to intestinal wall thickening and nutrient loss.

🟣 Unlike ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease produces skip lesions, cobblestone mucosa, and transmural inflammation.

🟣 These findings require nutritional support, anti-inflammatory therapy, and bowel rest during exacerbations.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

"I should avoid all bowel movements for several days to allow healing."

Rationale :

🟢 This statement reflects incorrect understanding and requires further teaching. Avoiding bowel movements can lead to constipation, infection, or abscess formation in clients with anal fistulas.

🟢 The goal is to maintain soft, regular stools through adequate hydration, stool softeners, and a high-fiber diet to prevent straining.

🟢 Sitz baths and antibiotics promote comfort and infection prevention, not bowel restriction.

🟢 Proper hygiene and follow-up with surgery are also vital for healing and fistula management.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

"Avoid alcohol completely."
"Report abdominal pain or vomiting to your provider."
"Eat small, frequent meals instead of large meals."
"Follow a low-fat diet."

Rationale :

💎 1. Avoid alcohol completely

💎 Alcohol is one of the leading causes of acute and chronic pancreatitis, as it stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion and causes inflammation and autodigestion of pancreatic tissue.

💎 Continued alcohol consumption can precipitate recurrent attacks, resulting in permanent pancreatic damage, necrosis, or pseudocyst formation.

💎 The nurse must emphasize lifelong alcohol abstinence as a critical measure to prevent relapse and to protect both pancreatic and liver function.

💎 Support programs such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) or counseling may be helpful for maintaining sobriety and long-term recovery.

💎 2. Report abdominal pain or vomiting to your provider

💎 Persistent or worsening abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting may indicate recurrent inflammation, pseudocyst development, or ductal obstruction.

💎 Early reporting ensures prompt medical evaluation and prevents complications like infection, necrosis, or hemorrhage.

💎 The nurse should teach the client to monitor for symptoms such as bloating, jaundice, or dark urine, as these may also signal pancreatic or biliary dysfunction.

💎 Immediate communication with the healthcare provider helps ensure early intervention and prevents deterioration of pancreatic function.

💎 3. Eat small, frequent meals instead of large meals

💎 Large meals stimulate excess pancreatic enzyme secretion, leading to abdominal pain and delayed recovery.

💎 Small, frequent meals help maintain adequate nutrition while minimizing pancreatic stimulation, reducing enzyme demand and pain episodes.

💎 Meals should be high in carbohydrates and protein but low in fat to provide sufficient calories without aggravating the pancreas.

💎 This dietary approach supports steady energy levels and prevents postprandial discomfort, nausea, or indigestion.

💎 4. Follow a low-fat diet

💎 A low-fat diet reduces the pancreas’s workload and prevents steatorrhea (fatty stools), which commonly occurs when fat digestion is impaired.

💎 Fat restriction decreases pancreatic enzyme activation, reducing the risk of pain and inflammation recurrence.

💎 Recommended foods include lean meats, whole grains, fruits, and cooked vegetables, while fried foods, butter, and high-fat dairy should be avoided.

💎 Maintaining a low-fat, nutrient-rich diet enhances long-term pancreatic recovery and digestive comfor

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

"I'll report yellowing of my eyes or dark urine to my provider."
"I should avoid people who are sick to reduce infection risk."
"I will need to take immune suppressants for the rest of my life."

Rationale :

💎 1. "I'll report yellowing of my eyes or dark urine to my provider."

💎 Jaundice (yellowing of the eyes and skin) and dark urine are early signs of biliary obstruction or organ rejection, meaning the transplanted liver is not functioning properly or is being attacked by the body’s immune system.

💎 These symptoms reflect rising bilirubin levels due to impaired bile drainage or hepatic injury. The nurse must teach the client to report these findings immediately for early medical intervention, as timely adjustment of immunosuppressive therapy can prevent graft loss.

💎 Ongoing monitoring of liver function tests (AST, ALT, bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase) helps detect rejection early.

💎 Recognizing these warning signs supports long-term graft survival and prevents irreversible liver damage.

💎 2. "I should avoid people who are sick to reduce infection risk."

💎 After a liver transplant, clients are prescribed immunosuppressive medications such as tacrolimus or cyclosporine to prevent graft rejection. These drugs weaken the immune system, making the client highly susceptible to infections.

💎 Avoiding crowded areas, sick individuals, and anyone recently vaccinated with live-virus vaccines helps reduce exposure risk.

💎 The nurse should also educate the client on practicing meticulous hand hygiene, wearing a mask in public, and avoiding raw or undercooked foods that may harbor bacteria.

💎 Infection is one of the leading causes of post-transplant complications; thus, infection prevention is as critical as rejection prevention.

💎 3. "I will need to take immune suppressants for the rest of my life."

💎 Long-term or lifelong immunosuppressive therapy is mandatory to prevent the immune system from attacking the transplanted liver as “foreign tissue.”

💎 These medications must be taken exactly as prescribed and at consistent times daily to maintain therapeutic blood levels and prevent acute or chronic rejection.

💎 Missing even a few doses can trigger rapid graft rejection, which may lead to organ failure or the need for another transplant.

💎 The nurse must emphasize regular follow-up visits, routine blood work, and medication adherence as key components of post-transplant care and survival.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

104

Rationale :

🔵 To calculate IV rate: Total Volume (mL)÷Time (hr)=mL/hr 2,500÷24=104.16≈104 mL/hr

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

"You will be able to eat solid foods the first day after surgery."

Rationale :

🟠 After an esophagectomy, oral intake is strictly restricted until healing of the anastomosis (surgical connection) is confirmed.

🟠 Clients typically receive nutrition through a jejunostomy tube initially to prevent tension or leakage at the surgical site.

🟠 Introducing solid food too early can cause anastomotic rupture or aspiration.

🟠 The nurse should reinforce the need to follow provider instructions for gradual dietary progression and nutritional support.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Consume a low-residue diet to reduce bowel stimulation.

Rationale :

🟣 During ulcerative colitis exacerbations, a low-residue (low-fiber) diet minimizes bowel stimulation and reduces frequency of stools and cramping.

🟣 High-fiber or raw foods can irritate the inflamed mucosa, worsening diarrhea and discomfort.

🟣 The diet should include easily digestible, soft foods with adequate protein and hydration.

🟣 Avoiding caffeine, alcohol, and spicy foods also decreases bowel irritability.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Abdominal distention with absent bowel sounds

Rationale :

🟢 In Crohn’s disease, this finding indicates intestinal obstruction, a serious and potentially life-threatening complication caused by inflammation, edema, or fibrosis of the bowel wall.

🟢 Absent bowel sounds and distention suggest halted peristalsis, fluid retention, and possible perforation risk.

🟢 The nurse must notify the provider immediately, as this requires urgent evaluation and possible nasogastric decompression or surgery.

🟢 Early recognition prevents bowel rupture, sepsis, and peritonitis, all of which can be fatal.

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Ati Custom NSG2440 Med Surg 3 Exam 1 Fall 2025

No.

1 :
A nurse is assessing a client admitted with recurrent gallstones (cholelithiasis). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect

2 :
Which client statement demonstrates correct understanding of respiratory care following esophagectomy?

3 :
A nurse is caring for a client with Crohn's disease who is admitted with severe abdominal pain and diarrhea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

4 :
The nurse is evaluating teaching for a client with a newly diagnosed anal fistula. Which statement by the client requires further teaching?

5 :
The nurse is teaching a client recovering from acute pancreatitis about lifestyle modifications. Which instructions should the nurse include? (Select All that Apply.)

6 :
The nurse is reviewing discharge teaching with a client following a liver transplant. Which statements by the client indicate correct understanding? (Select All that Apply.)

7 :
A client with acute pancreatitis is prescribed Lactated Ringer's 2,500 mL. IV over 24 hours. The IV pump delivers in mL/hr. How many mL/hr should the nurse set the pump to?

8 :
A nurse is reinforcing preoperative teaching for a client scheduled for an esophagectomy. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

9 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has ulcerative colitis and is experiencing an exacerbation. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?

10 :
A nurse is caring for a client with Crohn's disease. Which assessment finding requires immediate provider notification?

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Ati Custom NSG2440 Med Surg 3 Exam 1 Fall 2025

No.

1 : A nurse is assessing a client admitted with recurrent gallstones (cholelithiasis). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect

2 : Which client statement demonstrates correct understanding of respiratory care following esophagectomy?

3 : A nurse is caring for a client with Crohn's disease who is admitted with severe abdominal pain and diarrhea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

4 : The nurse is evaluating teaching for a client with a newly diagnosed anal fistula. Which statement by the client requires further teaching?

5 : The nurse is teaching a client recovering from acute pancreatitis about lifestyle modifications. Which instructions should the nurse include? (Select All that Apply.)

6 : The nurse is reviewing discharge teaching with a client following a liver transplant. Which statements by the client indicate correct understanding? (Select All that Apply.)

7 : A client with acute pancreatitis is prescribed Lactated Ringer's 2,500 mL. IV over 24 hours. The IV pump delivers in mL/hr. How many mL/hr should the nurse set the pump to?

8 : A nurse is reinforcing preoperative teaching for a client scheduled for an esophagectomy. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

9 : A nurse is caring for a client who has ulcerative colitis and is experiencing an exacerbation. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?

10 : A nurse is caring for a client with Crohn's disease. Which assessment finding requires immediate provider notification?

1 :
A nurse is assessing a client admitted with recurrent gallstones (cholelithiasis). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect

2 :
Which client statement demonstrates correct understanding of respiratory care following esophagectomy?

3 :
A nurse is caring for a client with Crohn's disease who is admitted with severe abdominal pain and diarrhea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

4 :
The nurse is evaluating teaching for a client with a newly diagnosed anal fistula. Which statement by the client requires further teaching?

5 :
The nurse is teaching a client recovering from acute pancreatitis about lifestyle modifications. Which instructions should the nurse include? (Select All that Apply.)

6 :
The nurse is reviewing discharge teaching with a client following a liver transplant. Which statements by the client indicate correct understanding? (Select All that Apply.)

7 :
A client with acute pancreatitis is prescribed Lactated Ringer's 2,500 mL. IV over 24 hours. The IV pump delivers in mL/hr. How many mL/hr should the nurse set the pump to?

8 :
A nurse is reinforcing preoperative teaching for a client scheduled for an esophagectomy. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

9 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has ulcerative colitis and is experiencing an exacerbation. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?

10 :
A nurse is caring for a client with Crohn's disease. Which assessment finding requires immediate provider notification?