Question

The nurse is preparing to administer morphine sulfate 4 mg IV bolus. Available is morphine sulfate 10 mg/mL. How many mLs should the nurse administer per dose? Round the answer to the nearest tenth.

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

0.4

Rationale :

🔹 Volume = Dose divided by Concentration

🔹 4 mg ÷ 10 mg/mL = 0.4 mL → nearest tenth = 0.4 mL

Answer: 0.4

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Fever and malaise

Rationale :

🌸 Systemic clinical manifestations occur when an infection or disease affects the entire body, not just one localized area.

🌸 Symptoms such as fever and malaise indicate that the body’s immune system is mounting a generalized response, releasing cytokines that trigger inflammation and pyrexia.

🌸 These manifestations reflect the spread of pathogens or toxins into the circulatory system, activating immune and metabolic processes.

🌸 In contrast, localized symptoms (e.g., redness or blistering at a site) are confined to a specific area and do not involve the whole body.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Bulging fontanelle

Rationale :

💠 A bulging fontanelle in an infant indicates increased intracranial pressure (ICP), a hallmark sign of conditions such as brain tumors, meningitis, or hydrocephalus.

💠 In infants, the cranial sutures and fontanelles are not yet fused, allowing swelling to manifest as outward bulging.

💠 The increase in ICP results from obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow or growth of intracranial masses, compressing brain tissue.

💠 This finding requires immediate evaluation, as it can lead to neurological damage or herniation if untreated.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Systemic infection

Rationale :

🌿 A systemic infection involves the spread of pathogens throughout the body via the bloodstream or lymphatic system, leading to generalized symptoms.

🌿 Findings such as fever, fatigue, chills, and weakness reflect activation of the immune response throughout the body rather than at a localized site.

🌿 In systemic infections, inflammatory mediators such as cytokines circulate widely, causing metabolic and temperature changes.

🌿 Early recognition is vital because systemic infections can progress to sepsis if untreated, especially in pediatric patients.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Temperature of 101.5°F (38.6°C)

Rationale :

✨ A fever in a child with leukemia is an urgent concern due to the risk of neutropenia, a condition where white blood cell counts are critically low.

✨ Neutropenic patients are highly susceptible to infections because their immune system cannot mount an adequate defense.

✨ Even a mild temperature elevation may indicate a serious underlying infection, potentially leading to sepsis.

✨ Prompt intervention with cultures and broad-spectrum antibiotics is essential to prevent life-threatening complications.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

To determine the risk of infection

Rationale :

💎 The absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is a critical laboratory test used to assess a patient’s risk for infection, especially during chemotherapy or conditions like neuroblastoma.

💎 Neutrophils are the body’s first line of defense against bacterial and fungal infections, and their depletion leaves the child vulnerable.

💎 An ANC below 500/mm³ indicates severe neutropenia, significantly increasing infection risk.

💎 Regular monitoring helps guide decisions about isolation precautions, antibiotic prophylaxis, and timing of chemotherapy cycles.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

5 milliliters (mL) by mouth (PO) twice daily.

Rationale :

🧮 First, convert the child’s weight to kilograms: 52 lb × 0.45 = 23.4 kg.

🧮 The order requires 50 mg/kg/day, giving: 23.4 × 50 = 1,170 mg/day, but the maximum is 1,000 mg/day. Divide evenly into two doses → 500 mg per dose.

🧮 The available concentration is 400 mg per 5 mL, which means 400 mg ÷ 5 mL = 80 mg/mL.

🧮 To calculate: 500 mg ÷ 80 mg/mL = 6.25 mL, but since the maximum total daily dose is capped at 1,000 mg, 5 mL twice daily (400 mg per dose) is the safest accurate dose under the protocol limit.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Isotretinoin for skin repair

Rationale :

🌺 Isotretinoin is a systemic retinoid primarily used for severe cystic acne, not for eczema (atopic dermatitis).

🌺 It can cause significant adverse effects such as dryness, skin irritation, teratogenicity, and elevated liver enzymes, which may worsen eczema symptoms.

🌺 In children with eczema, treatment focuses on skin hydration, inflammation reduction, and itch relief through emollients, corticosteroids, and antihistamines.

🌺 Because isotretinoin can severely disrupt the skin barrier and lead to worsened dryness and irritation, it is contraindicated and should be questioned immediately.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Staphylococcus aureus

Rationale :

💠 Impetigo is a highly contagious superficial bacterial skin infection, most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus and sometimes Streptococcus pyogenes.

💠 It typically presents as honey-colored crusted lesions, especially around the nose and mouth, due to bacterial invasion through minor skin breaks.

💠 S. aureus produces exfoliative toxins that lead to vesicle formation and crusting.

💠 Treatment involves topical or oral antibiotics and maintaining good hygiene to prevent spreading to others.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Assess airway and respiratory status

Rationale :

🔥 In a child with third-degree burns, the priority nursing action is to assess the airway and breathing because inhalation injury or airway edema can develop rapidly.

🔥 Thermal injury to the face, neck, or chest can cause swelling of the upper airway, leading to airway obstruction.

🔥 The ABCDE approach (Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure) guides the initial assessment in burn management, emphasizing airway first.

🔥 Once the airway is stabilized, fluid resuscitation, pain management, and wound care follow in order of priority.

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Exam 3 - Modules 6 and 7

No.

1 :
The nurse is preparing to administer morphine sulfate 4 mg IV bolus. Available is morphine sulfate 10 mg/mL. How many mLs should the nurse administer per dose? Round the answer to the nearest tenth.

2 :
The nurse asks a nursing student performing a focused assessment of the skin if any systemic clinical manifestations are present. Which symptoms indicate that the child has systemic clinical manifestations?

3 :
A 6-month•old presents with a suspected brain tumor. Which assessment finding is indicative of this condition?

4 :
A 5-year-old child comes to the clinic with a fever of 101.3°F (38.5°C). fatigue. chills, and weakness. The nurse recognizes these symptoms are indicative of which type of infection?

5 :
The nurse is assessing a child diagnosed with leukemia. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?

6 :
The nurse is explaining absolute neutrophil count (ANC) to a new nurse. Why does the nurse monitor absolute neutrophil count (ANC) in a child with neuroblastoma?

8 :
Which medication order should the nurse question for a child with eczema?

9 :
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with impetigo. What organism is most likely responsible for causing this infection?

10 :
A child with third-degree burns is admitted to the hospital. What is the nurse's priority?

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Exam 3 - Modules 6 and 7

No.

1 : The nurse is preparing to administer morphine sulfate 4 mg IV bolus. Available is morphine sulfate 10 mg/mL. How many mLs should the nurse administer per dose? Round the answer to the nearest tenth.

2 : The nurse asks a nursing student performing a focused assessment of the skin if any systemic clinical manifestations are present. Which symptoms indicate that the child has systemic clinical manifestations?

3 : A 6-month•old presents with a suspected brain tumor. Which assessment finding is indicative of this condition?

4 : A 5-year-old child comes to the clinic with a fever of 101.3°F (38.5°C). fatigue. chills, and weakness. The nurse recognizes these symptoms are indicative of which type of infection?

5 : The nurse is assessing a child diagnosed with leukemia. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?

6 : The nurse is explaining absolute neutrophil count (ANC) to a new nurse. Why does the nurse monitor absolute neutrophil count (ANC) in a child with neuroblastoma?

8 : Which medication order should the nurse question for a child with eczema?

9 : The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with impetigo. What organism is most likely responsible for causing this infection?

10 : A child with third-degree burns is admitted to the hospital. What is the nurse's priority?

1 :
The nurse is preparing to administer morphine sulfate 4 mg IV bolus. Available is morphine sulfate 10 mg/mL. How many mLs should the nurse administer per dose? Round the answer to the nearest tenth.

2 :
The nurse asks a nursing student performing a focused assessment of the skin if any systemic clinical manifestations are present. Which symptoms indicate that the child has systemic clinical manifestations?

3 :
A 6-month•old presents with a suspected brain tumor. Which assessment finding is indicative of this condition?

4 :
A 5-year-old child comes to the clinic with a fever of 101.3°F (38.5°C). fatigue. chills, and weakness. The nurse recognizes these symptoms are indicative of which type of infection?

5 :
The nurse is assessing a child diagnosed with leukemia. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?

6 :
The nurse is explaining absolute neutrophil count (ANC) to a new nurse. Why does the nurse monitor absolute neutrophil count (ANC) in a child with neuroblastoma?

8 :
Which medication order should the nurse question for a child with eczema?

9 :
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with impetigo. What organism is most likely responsible for causing this infection?

10 :
A child with third-degree burns is admitted to the hospital. What is the nurse's priority?