Question

A client is admitted to the hospital for medical management of acute diverticulitis. The nurse should anticipate that this patient's treatment plan will include which component?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

NPO (nothing by mouth)

Rationale :

🚫 During acute diverticulitis, the diverticula (outpouchings in the colon) become inflamed or infected, causing pain, fever, and risk of perforation.

🚫 The priority management is to rest the bowel by keeping the patient NPO (nothing by mouth) to reduce intestinal activity and allow inflammation to subside.

🚫 The patient typically receives IV fluids and antibiotics to maintain hydration and treat infection while preventing further irritation of the colon.

🚫 Once symptoms improve, the diet is gradually advanced to clear liquids and later to low-fiber foods before returning to a high-fiber diet in the recovery phase.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

right-sided

Rationale :

💎 Right-sided heart failure occurs when the right ventricle fails to pump blood effectively into the pulmonary circulation, leading to a backflow of blood into the systemic veins.

💎 This venous congestion causes fluid to accumulate in dependent parts of the body, especially the ankles, feet, and sacral area, resulting in bilateral pedal edema.

💎 Jugular venous distention, hepatomegaly, and ascites are other common signs of right-sided failure due to systemic congestion.

💎 In contrast, left-sided heart failure leads to pulmonary congestion rather than peripheral edema.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Hemoglobin A1C

Rationale :

🔷 Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) reflects average blood glucose levels over 2 to 3 months, giving a long-term picture of diabetes management.

🔷 It measures the percentage of hemoglobin bound to glucose (glycated hemoglobin), which increases with poor blood sugar control.

🔷 This test is unaffected by short-term glucose fluctuations, unlike fasting or random glucose tests.

🔷 A target HbA1C value of below 7% indicates effective glycemic control for most diabetic clients.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Hypertension, smoking, diabetes mellitus

Rationale :

🟢 Hypertension is the most significant risk factor because it causes endothelial damage and accelerates atherosclerosis, increasing the chance of cerebral infarction.

🟢 Smoking contributes to arterial constriction and blood viscosity changes, raising the risk of thrombus formation.

🟢 Diabetes mellitus promotes atherosclerotic plaque buildup due to chronic hyperglycemia damaging blood vessels.

🟢 Together, these factors impair cerebral perfusion and increase the likelihood of an ischemic stroke.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

recurrent infections and slow wound healing

Rationale :

🟣 In type 2 diabetes, chronic hyperglycemia impairs immune function, making clients prone to frequent infections such as skin or urinary tract infections.

🟣 Elevated glucose levels also inhibit white blood cell activity and delay tissue repair, causing slow wound healing.

🟣 Other typical findings include polyuria, polydipsia, and blurred vision, stemming from osmotic diuresis.

🟣 Recognizing these manifestations helps nurses identify poor glycemic control early in disease management.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

sigmoid

Rationale :

🟠 The sigmoid colon is the most common site for diverticulitis because of high intraluminal pressure and its curved anatomical structure, which predisposes it to the formation of diverticula.

🟠 These pouches can become inflamed or infected when fecal matter gets trapped, leading to localized pain and tenderness, often in the left lower quadrant.

🟠 The duodenum, jejunum, and ileum are less commonly affected since they experience lower pressure and have a smoother wall structure.

🟠 This condition is particularly common in older adults and those with low-fiber diets.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

The client's rating of their pain

Rationale :

💠 After a pelvic fracture with bladder rupture, assessing pain intensity is vital because elevated heart rate (110 bpm) and respiratory rate (24/min) can be the body’s physiologic response to pain.

💠 Severe pain triggers sympathetic nervous system activation, increasing heart rate and blood pressure, and worsening oxygen demand.

💠 Accurate pain assessment allows for appropriate analgesia, helps prevent pain-induced complications, and ensures adequate monitoring for shock or hemorrhage.

💠 Evaluating pain completes the holistic assessment of the client's physiologic status alongside vital signs.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

difficulty adjusting to low lighting
surroundings appear dimmer than normal
painless blurry vision
sensitivity to glare

Rationale :

🌟Difficulty adjusting to low lighting

🌟 Cataracts cause clouding of the lens, which prevents sufficient light from reaching the retina in dim environments.

🌟 The eye struggles to adapt when lighting decreases, leading to poor night vision or difficulty seeing in dark areas.

🌟 This occurs because the lens opacity scatters and blocks incoming light, reducing retinal stimulation.

🌟Surroundings appear dimmer than normal

🌟 The opaque lens of a cataract decreases the intensity and clarity of light entering the eye.

🌟 As a result, patients perceive their surroundings as faded, dim, or yellowed, even in bright daylight.

🌟 This symptom reflects light diffusion and obstruction within the lens fibers as the cataract progresses.

🌟Painless blurry vision

🌟 Blurry or cloudy vision develops gradually as the lens becomes increasingly opaque.

🌟 Because cataracts progress slowly, the loss of vision is painless and progressive, not sudden.

🌟 The blurriness results from light scattering inside the cloudy lens, making images appear hazy or out of focus.

🌟Sensitivity to glare

🌟 When light enters the eye, the irregular lens surface scatters it, causing excessive brightness or glare.

🌟 Clients often report discomfort when driving at night or exposure to sunlight due to light reflection and scattering.

🌟 This occurs because cataracts interfere with normal light transmission and refraction through the lens.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Obesity, female sex, age over 40, rapid weight loss

Rationale :

💎 Obesity increases cholesterol secretion into bile, leading to bile oversaturation and a higher likelihood of gallstone formation.

💎 Female sex is a risk factor because estrogen promotes cholesterol saturation in bile and reduces bile salt secretion, favoring stone development.

💎 Age over 40 contributes due to slower gallbladder motility and cumulative metabolic changes that increase cholesterol crystallization.

💎 Rapid weight loss causes mobilization of cholesterol stores, overwhelming the liver and leading to supersaturation of bile.

💎 These combined factors—known as the “Four F’s” (Female, Fat, Forty, and Fertile)—summarize the classic profile of gallstone risk.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

50

Rationale :

⚫ 110 lb×0.45=49.5 kg110 \, \text{lb} \times 0.45 = 49.5 \, \text{kg}110lb×0.45=49.5kg

⚫ Answer: 50 kg

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Examplify NR 255 Final Exam Fall 2025

No.

1 :
A client is admitted to the hospital for medical management of acute diverticulitis. The nurse should anticipate that this patient's treatment plan will include which component?

2 :
Which type of heart failure characteristically presents with bilateral dependent pedal edema?

3 :
Which label value is used to evaluate the effectiveness of blood glucose management in patients with diabetes?

4 :
List 3 risk factors for ischemic stroke.

5 :
A nurse is assessing a client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

6 :
The most common site for diverticulitis is _

8 :
Identify symptoms of cataracts. Select all that apply.

9 :
Which of the following lists includes four risk factors for cholesterol-based gallstones?

10 :
Order: Administer 1 mg/kg prednisone orally divided equally into 2 doses to be given every 12 hours for asthma exacerbation. The patient weighs 110 pounds. Available: 5 mg/5 mL. 1. How many kg does patient weigh?(1) 2.

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Examplify NR 255 Final Exam Fall 2025

No.

1 : A client is admitted to the hospital for medical management of acute diverticulitis. The nurse should anticipate that this patient's treatment plan will include which component?

2 : Which type of heart failure characteristically presents with bilateral dependent pedal edema?

3 : Which label value is used to evaluate the effectiveness of blood glucose management in patients with diabetes?

4 : List 3 risk factors for ischemic stroke.

5 : A nurse is assessing a client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

6 : The most common site for diverticulitis is _

8 : Identify symptoms of cataracts. Select all that apply.

9 : Which of the following lists includes four risk factors for cholesterol-based gallstones?

10 : Order: Administer 1 mg/kg prednisone orally divided equally into 2 doses to be given every 12 hours for asthma exacerbation. The patient weighs 110 pounds. Available: 5 mg/5 mL. 1. How many kg does patient weigh?(1) 2.

1 :
A client is admitted to the hospital for medical management of acute diverticulitis. The nurse should anticipate that this patient's treatment plan will include which component?

2 :
Which type of heart failure characteristically presents with bilateral dependent pedal edema?

3 :
Which label value is used to evaluate the effectiveness of blood glucose management in patients with diabetes?

4 :
List 3 risk factors for ischemic stroke.

5 :
A nurse is assessing a client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

6 :
The most common site for diverticulitis is _

8 :
Identify symptoms of cataracts. Select all that apply.

9 :
Which of the following lists includes four risk factors for cholesterol-based gallstones?

10 :
Order: Administer 1 mg/kg prednisone orally divided equally into 2 doses to be given every 12 hours for asthma exacerbation. The patient weighs 110 pounds. Available: 5 mg/5 mL. 1. How many kg does patient weigh?(1) 2.