Question

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. On which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to instruct the client?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Levodopa/carbidopa

Rationale :

💊 Levodopa/carbidopa is the mainstay treatment for Parkinson’s disease, improving motor function.

💊 Carbamazepine is used for seizure disorders, not Parkinson’s.

💊 Levothyroxine is for hypothyroidism, unrelated to Parkinson’s.

💊 Piperacillin/tazobactam is an antibiotic and has no effect on Parkinson’s symptoms.

💊 Patient teaching focuses on timing, diet interactions, and managing side effects like dyskinesia.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Mannitol

Rationale :

💧 Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic used to reduce intracranial pressure in cases of Cushing’s triad.

💧 Hydroxyethyl glucose, Dextran 70, and Albumin 25% are volume expanders, not first-line for ICP reduction.

💧 Cushing’s triad involves hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular respirations, requiring rapid ICP management.

💧 Administering Mannitol promotes fluid shift from brain tissue into the vasculature.

💧 Continuous monitoring of vital signs and fluid balance is essential.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Speech degrades to a few words

Rationale :

🧠 Terminal-phase Alzheimer’s involves severe cognitive decline, including minimal verbal output.

🧠 Needs assistance with finances occurs in earlier stages.

🧠 Unable to sit up may occur in end-stage physical decline, but speech loss is more specific neurologic indicator.

🧠 Requires cueing to eat occurs in middle to late stages, not exclusively terminal.

🧠 Recognizing expected findings guides palliative care planning.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Fatigue

Rationale :

🎗️ Hypokalemia caused by diuretics can lead to muscle weakness and fatigue.

🎗️ Dyspnea and pitting edema are more related to fluid overload.

🎗️ Oliguria is not a hallmark of hypokalemia; may indicate kidney impairment.

🎗️Early recognition prevents life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.

🎗️Nursing assessment includes monitoring potassium, ECG changes, and patient symptoms.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Orthopnea

Rationale :

🫁 Orthopnea is a classic symptom of pediatric heart failure, reflecting fluid accumulation when supine.

🫁 Bradycardia is not typical; tachycardia is more common.

🫁 Increased urine output is not expected; may have oliguria.

🫁 Weight loss is possible over time, but acute heart failure often shows weight gain due to fluid retention.

🫁 Recognizing orthopnea guides nursing interventions like positioning and oxygen therapy.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

675

Rationale :

⚖️ Convert weight: 198 lb ÷ 2.2 = 90 kg. ⚖️ Total daily dose = 15 mg/kg × 90 kg = 1,350 mg/day. ⚖️ Divided every 12 hr → 1,350 ÷ 2 = 675 mg per dose.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

24

Rationale :

💧 Heparin concentration: 25,000 units ÷ 500 mL = 50 units/mL.

💧 Infusion rate: 1,200 units/hr ÷ 50 units/mL = 24 mL/hr.

💧 Round to nearest whole number; no trailing zero.

💧 Accurate calculation prevents over- or under-anticoagulation.

💧 Continuous monitoring is essential for safety in DVT management.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

improve left-side motor function.

Rationale :

🧠 Left hemispheric CVA affects right-side motor function and coordination; therapy focuses on motor rehabilitation.

🧠 Controlling impulsive behavior is more common with right hemispheric strokes.

🧠 Compensating for depth perception relates to right hemisphere visual deficits.

🧠 Communication goals apply primarily to left hemisphere language deficits (aphasia), but motor function is priority in early rehab.

🧠 Rehabilitation goals should be specific, measurable, and related to the affected deficits.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

100

Rationale :

💧 IV flow rate formula: (Volume × Drop factor) ÷ Time (min)

💧 100 mL/hr × 60 gtt/mL ÷ 60 min = 100 gtt/min.

💧 Round to nearest whole number; leading zero if needed, no trailing zero.

💧 Ensures accurate IV delivery of fluids.

💧 Correct calculation prevents fluid overload or underhydration.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Pronation of the hands

Rationale :

🧠 Decorticate posturing indicates corticospinal tract damage above the brainstem.

🧠 Characteristics: flexion of arms, clenched fists/pronation of hands, extension of legs.

🧠 Extension of arms or external rotation of lower extremities is associated with decerebrate posturing.

🧠 Plantar flexion may be present but hand pronation is a key identifying feature.

🧠 Recognition guides assessment of neurological injury severity.

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Custom Fall 2025 ADN 252 Final Exam

No.

1 :
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. On which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to instruct the client?

2 :
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing Cushing's Triad following a subdural hematoma. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?

3 :
A nurse is planning care for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and is in the terminal phase. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

4 :
A home health nurse is making a home visit to a client who takes a daily diuretic for heart failure. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as indicating the client is hypokalemic?

5 :
A nurse is assessing a toddler who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

6 :
A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin 15 mg/kg/day divided equally every 12 hr. The client weighs 198 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer with each dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.

8 :
A nurse at a rehabilitation center is planning care for a client who had a left hemispheric cerebrovascular accident (CVA) 3 weeks ago. Which of the following goals should the nurse include in the client's rehabilitation program?

9 :
A provider prescribes dextrose 5% in water IV to infuse at 100 mL/hr. The drop factor on the manual IV tubing is 60 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the IV flow rate to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number.)

10 :
An acute care nurse receives shift report for a client who has increased intracranial pressure. The nurse is told that the client demonstrates decorticate posturing. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect to observe when assessing the client?

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Custom Fall 2025 ADN 252 Final Exam

No.

1 : A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. On which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to instruct the client?

2 : A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing Cushing's Triad following a subdural hematoma. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?

3 : A nurse is planning care for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and is in the terminal phase. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

4 : A home health nurse is making a home visit to a client who takes a daily diuretic for heart failure. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as indicating the client is hypokalemic?

5 : A nurse is assessing a toddler who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

6 : A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin 15 mg/kg/day divided equally every 12 hr. The client weighs 198 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer with each dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.

8 : A nurse at a rehabilitation center is planning care for a client who had a left hemispheric cerebrovascular accident (CVA) 3 weeks ago. Which of the following goals should the nurse include in the client's rehabilitation program?

9 : A provider prescribes dextrose 5% in water IV to infuse at 100 mL/hr. The drop factor on the manual IV tubing is 60 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the IV flow rate to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number.)

10 : An acute care nurse receives shift report for a client who has increased intracranial pressure. The nurse is told that the client demonstrates decorticate posturing. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect to observe when assessing the client?

1 :
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. On which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to instruct the client?

2 :
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing Cushing's Triad following a subdural hematoma. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?

3 :
A nurse is planning care for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and is in the terminal phase. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

4 :
A home health nurse is making a home visit to a client who takes a daily diuretic for heart failure. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as indicating the client is hypokalemic?

5 :
A nurse is assessing a toddler who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

6 :
A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin 15 mg/kg/day divided equally every 12 hr. The client weighs 198 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer with each dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.

8 :
A nurse at a rehabilitation center is planning care for a client who had a left hemispheric cerebrovascular accident (CVA) 3 weeks ago. Which of the following goals should the nurse include in the client's rehabilitation program?

9 :
A provider prescribes dextrose 5% in water IV to infuse at 100 mL/hr. The drop factor on the manual IV tubing is 60 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the IV flow rate to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number.)

10 :
An acute care nurse receives shift report for a client who has increased intracranial pressure. The nurse is told that the client demonstrates decorticate posturing. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect to observe when assessing the client?