Question

The nurse should implement which action to provide analgesic titration for a client in pain?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Determine the optimal analgesic dosage required that causes the least side effects.

Rationale :

💊Analgesic titration means adjusting the dose and/or frequency to achieve adequate pain relief with the fewest adverse effects.

💊This requires ongoing assessment of pain intensity, function, and side-effects, then incremental dose adjustments based on response.

💊The goal is an individualized “titrate-to-effect” plan, not a fixed total daily dose, because patient variability in pharmacokinetics and tolerance is common.

💊Using validated pain scales and monitoring sedation, respiratory status, and GI effects guide safe upward or downward titration.

💊This approach supports safer opioid stewardship, improves comfort and function, and limits toxicity.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Drape the sheets over the footboard of the bed.

Rationale :

🛏️In rheumatoid arthritis, inflamed joints are highly pressure-sensitive; a bed-cradle technique (lifting linens off extremities) immediately removes mechanical pressure.

🛏️This is a low-risk, rapid, nonpharmacologic action that can be implemented first to relieve pain while other measures are arranged.

🛏️Reducing contact irritation decreases allodynia and can lessen nociceptive input, improving comfort quickly.

🛏️Early comfort measures also reduce guarding and muscle spasm, which can otherwise worsen pain.

🛏️After pressure relief, the nurse can reassess and integrate medication or thermotherapy as needed.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

"Abuse of any of the inhalants can eventually lead to addiction."

Rationale :

🧠Inhalant (volatile solvent) misuse can produce tolerance, craving, and compulsive use, meeting criteria for substance use disorder.

🧠Repeated exposure causes central nervous system changes, reinforcing dependence and risky patterns of use.

🧠Inhalants can lead to neurotoxicity, arrhythmias (“sudden sniffing death”), and organ damage, underscoring the seriousness of abuse.

🧠Providing a clear, factual statement acknowledges the parent’s concern and opens the door to screening and referral.

🧠Education should include harm risks, cessation resources, and behavioral health support for the child and family.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Withhold medication and report symptoms and vital signs to healthcare provider

Rationale :

🚨Ipratropium has anticholinergic effects; blurred vision, headache, nausea, and insomnia may signal systemic adverse reactions requiring evaluation.

🚨Holding the dose prioritizes patient safety and prevents potential worsening (e.g., precipitating narrow-angle glaucoma with ocular exposure).

🚨Immediate vital-signs check and symptom reassessment provide objective data for clinical decision-making.

🚨Provider notification is necessary to consider dose adjustment, delivery technique review (avoid spray into eyes), or alternative therapy.

🚨Documenting onset, severity, and duration supports safe medication reconciliation and future care.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Assign the client to a negative air-flow room.

Rationale :

🦠Active TB requires airborne precautions; a negative pressure (air-flow) room is the most critical environmental control to prevent spread.

🦠Negative pressure contains airborne droplet nuclei, ensuring room air flows inward and is HEPA-filtered/exhausted to protect others.

🦠This action should occur immediately upon admission alongside donning N95/respirator for staff and a surgical mask for the client during transport.

🦠Early source isolation reduces nosocomial transmission and protects vulnerable patients and staff.

🦠Clear signage and an isolation cart support adherence, but the engineering control (negative pressure) is foundational.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Respiratory rate is too slow, causing respiratory acidosis.

Rationale :

🫁The ABG shows acidemia (pH 7.17) with elevated PaCO₂ (70 mmHg), indicating hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis.

🫁In mechanically ventilated clients, an insufficient respiratory rate or tidal volume leads to CO₂ retention and falling pH.

🫁The HCO₃⁻ of 20 mEq/L suggests limited/absent metabolic compensation or a mixed disturbance, but the primary driver is the high PaCO₂.

🫁Correcting ventilator settings to increase minute ventilation (e.g., RR or VT) helps lower PaCO₂ and raise pH.

🫁Continuous ABG trending and clinical assessment guide safe correction and avoid overcorrection.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

The medication enhances the aqueous humor outflow.

Rationale :

👁️Miotics (e.g., pilocarpine) cause pupillary constriction and ciliary muscle contraction, which opens the trabecular meshwork to increase aqueous outflow.

👁️Enhanced outflow lowers intraocular pressure (IOP), the core therapeutic target in glaucoma.

👁️Teaching should stress proper instillation technique, punctal occlusion to limit systemic absorption, and adherence to dosing.

👁️Patients should report visual changes, eye pain, or systemic effects promptly for evaluation.

👁️Consistent use helps preserve optic nerve function and visual fields over time.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Determine if the client has ever had a hypersensitivity reaction to penicillins

Rationale :

⚠️Cephalexin is a cephalosporin; assessing for beta-lactam allergy (including penicillin hypersensitivity) is essential before the first dose.

⚠️Although cross-reactivity is low, prior anaphylaxis, angioedema, or severe rash warrants extreme caution or alternatives.

⚠️A targeted allergy history prevents potentially life-threatening reactions and guides safe antibiotic selection.

⚠️Baseline renal function and hydration also matter in ongoing care, but allergy screening is the immediate priority.

⚠️Documenting allergy details supports future prescribing safety across settings.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

The development of resistant strains of TB are decreased with a combination of drugs

Rationale :

🧫Combination therapy (e.g., isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol initially) attacks Mycobacterium tuberculosis through multiple mechanisms, reducing emergence of resistance.

🧫Using several agents lowers the probability that organisms will survive and mutate under selective pressure.

🧫It also provides synergistic or additive bactericidal activity, improving treatment efficacy.

🧫Emphasize strict adherence to prevent treatment failure and multidrug-resistant TB; DOT may be used when needed.

🧫Duration typically spans months, with monitoring for hepatotoxicity, vision changes (ethambutol), and drug interactions.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Medium yellow

Rationale :

🪜High-contrast edging improves step visibility for those with low vision, decreasing fall risk in the home.

🪜Medium yellow provides strong, consistent contrast across common flooring tones and low-light conditions, enhancing depth perception.

🪜Yellow is a widely recognized hazard/attention color, quickly drawing the eye to the tread edge.

🪜It also tends to create less glare than very bright white on glossy surfaces, supporting safer navigation.

🪜Combining contrast paint with adequate lighting and handrails further reduces fall risk.

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RN Pharmacology Exam 2025

No.

1 :
The nurse should implement which action to provide analgesic titration for a client in pain?

2 :
An older adult client with rheumatoid arthritis is complaining of severe joint pain that is caused by the weight of the linen on the client's legs. Which action should the nurse implement first?

3 :
A parent whose older school aged child has been inhaling paint fumes asks the nurse, "Can he become addicted to paint fumes? Which is the best response for the nurse to provide?

4 :
A client prescribed ipratropium reports nausea, blurred vision, headaches, and insomnia after using the inhaler. Which action should the nurse implement first?

5 :
A client who has active tuberculosis (TB) is admitted to the medical unit. Which action is most important for the nurse to implement?

6 :
The nurse is analyzing an arterial blood gas (ABG) of a client who is mechanically ventilated. The ABG results are pH-7.17; paCO2-70 mmHg; HCO3-20 mEq/L. The nurse would understand that which is the likely cause of these results?

7 :
A nurse is planning a teaching session for a client newly prescribed a miotic drug for the treatment of glaucoma. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session?

8 :
To treat cystitis, a 14-day course of treatment with cephalexin is prescribed for a client residing in a long-term care facility. Which action is most important for the nurse to take prior to administering the first dose of this medication?

9 :
The registered nurse (RN) is caring for a client with tuberculosis (TB) who is taking a combination drug regimen. The client complains about taking "so many pills." What information should the RN provide to the client about the prescribed treatment?

10 :
Despite several eye surgeries, a 78-year-old client who lives alone has persistent vision problems. The visiting nurse is discussing home safety hazards with the client. The nurse suggests that the edges of the steps be painted which color?

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RN Pharmacology Exam 2025

No.

1 : The nurse should implement which action to provide analgesic titration for a client in pain?

2 : An older adult client with rheumatoid arthritis is complaining of severe joint pain that is caused by the weight of the linen on the client's legs. Which action should the nurse implement first?

3 : A parent whose older school aged child has been inhaling paint fumes asks the nurse, "Can he become addicted to paint fumes? Which is the best response for the nurse to provide?

4 : A client prescribed ipratropium reports nausea, blurred vision, headaches, and insomnia after using the inhaler. Which action should the nurse implement first?

5 : A client who has active tuberculosis (TB) is admitted to the medical unit. Which action is most important for the nurse to implement?

6 : The nurse is analyzing an arterial blood gas (ABG) of a client who is mechanically ventilated. The ABG results are pH-7.17; paCO2-70 mmHg; HCO3-20 mEq/L. The nurse would understand that which is the likely cause of these results?

7 : A nurse is planning a teaching session for a client newly prescribed a miotic drug for the treatment of glaucoma. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session?

8 : To treat cystitis, a 14-day course of treatment with cephalexin is prescribed for a client residing in a long-term care facility. Which action is most important for the nurse to take prior to administering the first dose of this medication?

9 : The registered nurse (RN) is caring for a client with tuberculosis (TB) who is taking a combination drug regimen. The client complains about taking "so many pills." What information should the RN provide to the client about the prescribed treatment?

10 : Despite several eye surgeries, a 78-year-old client who lives alone has persistent vision problems. The visiting nurse is discussing home safety hazards with the client. The nurse suggests that the edges of the steps be painted which color?

1 :
The nurse should implement which action to provide analgesic titration for a client in pain?

2 :
An older adult client with rheumatoid arthritis is complaining of severe joint pain that is caused by the weight of the linen on the client's legs. Which action should the nurse implement first?

3 :
A parent whose older school aged child has been inhaling paint fumes asks the nurse, "Can he become addicted to paint fumes? Which is the best response for the nurse to provide?

4 :
A client prescribed ipratropium reports nausea, blurred vision, headaches, and insomnia after using the inhaler. Which action should the nurse implement first?

5 :
A client who has active tuberculosis (TB) is admitted to the medical unit. Which action is most important for the nurse to implement?

6 :
The nurse is analyzing an arterial blood gas (ABG) of a client who is mechanically ventilated. The ABG results are pH-7.17; paCO2-70 mmHg; HCO3-20 mEq/L. The nurse would understand that which is the likely cause of these results?

7 :
A nurse is planning a teaching session for a client newly prescribed a miotic drug for the treatment of glaucoma. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session?

8 :
To treat cystitis, a 14-day course of treatment with cephalexin is prescribed for a client residing in a long-term care facility. Which action is most important for the nurse to take prior to administering the first dose of this medication?

9 :
The registered nurse (RN) is caring for a client with tuberculosis (TB) who is taking a combination drug regimen. The client complains about taking "so many pills." What information should the RN provide to the client about the prescribed treatment?

10 :
Despite several eye surgeries, a 78-year-old client who lives alone has persistent vision problems. The visiting nurse is discussing home safety hazards with the client. The nurse suggests that the edges of the steps be painted which color?