Question

A nurse is educating clients about breast cancer at a community health event. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the training?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

"Breast cancer can occur in any part of the breast but ductal breast cancer is most common."

Rationale :

🔷 Ductal carcinoma is the most common type, originating in the milk ducts.

🔷 It accounts for the majority of breast cancers, compared to lobular or other rare forms.

🔷 Screening should start around age 40–45, not as early as 30, unless high risk.

🔷 BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations increase, not decrease, cancer risk.

🔷 Breastfeeding lowers the risk of breast cancer, not increases it.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

A typical course of treatment involves 6 to 9 months of consistent medication use.

Rationale :

🔴 Standard TB therapy (isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol) lasts 6–9 months.

🔴 Shorter treatment risks drug resistance.

🔴 Mantoux test does not become negative during treatment.

🔴 Family prophylaxis is only if close contact with confirmed infection.

🔴 Lifelong therapy is not required unless drug-resistant TB develops.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Encourage the client to increase fluid intake.

Rationale :

🟢 Adequate hydration thins respiratory secretions, making them easier to expel.

🟢 Fluids improve mucociliary clearance in pneumonia patients.

🟢 It helps prevent dehydration, which worsens thick mucus.

🟢 Encourages productive coughing, aiding airway clearance.

🟢 Complements incentive spirometry and ambulation but is the primary measure.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Warmth
Erythema
Swelling

Rationale :

🟡 Warmth is due to inflammation around the thrombus.

🟡 Erythema (redness) results from venous congestion.

🟡 Swelling develops from blocked venous return.

🟡 DVT does not cause bleeding unless anticoagulated.

🟡 Numbness is more associated with arterial occlusion, not venous clot.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Withhold food and liquids until the client's gag reflex returns.

Rationale :

🔵 After bronchoscopy, airway protective reflexes are suppressed by anesthesia.

🔵 Giving food or fluids too soon risks aspiration.

🔵 Nurse must confirm return of gag reflex before resuming intake.

🔵 Frequent suctioning is not needed unless client is unable to clear secretions.

🔵 Safe recovery requires airway monitoring first.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Myocardial infarction
Ischemic stroke
Pulmonary embolism

Rationale :

🟣 MI = thrombus blocks coronary artery → life-threatening.

🟣 Ischemic stroke = clot in cerebral artery → brain ischemia.

🟣 Pulmonary embolism = clot in lungs → impaired oxygenation.

🟣 DVT is serious but not immediately fatal unless embolized.

🟣 Hematoma is localized bleeding, not systemic thromboembolism.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

WBC 2300/mm3

Rationale :

🟠 Normal WBC: 5,000–10,000/mm³; 2,300 is severe leukopenia.

🟠 Indicates bone marrow suppression from chemotherapy.

🟠 High infection risk at WBC <4,000; critical <2,000.

🟠 Platelets 155,000 and Hgb 12 g/dL are within safe limits.

🟠 Requires neutropenic precautions immediately.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Muscle wasting
Cognitive loss
Functional impairment

Rationale :

🟤 ARDS survivors often suffer long-term impairment.

🟤 Muscle wasting from prolonged ICU stay and catabolism.

🟤 Cognitive loss due to hypoxia and ICU delirium.

🟤 Functional impairment from weakness, reduced lung capacity.

🟤 Weight gain and fat accumulation are not expected sequelae.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

"Coronary arteries decrease in diameter leading to insufficient blood, oxygen, and nutrients reaching the heart muscle."
"Coronary arteries decrease in diameter leading to insufficient blood, oxygen, and nutrients reaching the heart muscle."

Rationale :

⚫ Atherosclerosis narrows arterial lumen → ischemia.

⚫ Reduced flow → angina, MI.

⚫ Pathophysiology: plaques form → less oxygen delivery.

⚫ Explains classic CAD symptoms like chest pain with exertion.

⚫ Other options do not match the true mechanism.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Sepsis

Rationale :

◼ Sepsis triggers systemic inflammatory cascade leading to ARDS.

◼ Causes increased capillary permeability in lungs → pulmonary edema.

◼ Sepsis is the most common cause, more than trauma or aspiration.

◼ Severe infections overwhelm immune response, damaging alveoli.

◼ Requires early recognition and aggressive treatment.

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Custom: NUR 211 Final Assessment- Summer 2 2025

No.

1 :
A nurse is educating clients about breast cancer at a community health event. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the training?

2 :
A nurse is instructing a client who is newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) about the use of antitubercular medications. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

3 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote thinning of respiratory secretions?

4 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of their right lower leg. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select All that Apply.)

5 :
A nurse is caring for a client who just had a flexible bronchoscopy. Which of the following nursing actions is appropriate?

6 :
A nurse manager is providing an in-service for a group of nurses about thromboembolism. Which of the following conditions should the nurse manager include as life-threatening? (Select All that Apply.)

7 :
A nurse is reviewing the CBC findings for a female client who is receiving combination chemotherapy for breast cancer. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

8 :
A nurse is planning care for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following changes should the nurse expect? (Select All that Apply.)

9 :
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has coronary artery disease. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching to explain the correlation between changes in the coronary arteries and manifestations that occur?

10 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The nurse should identify that which of the following conditions is the most common cause of ARDS?

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Custom: NUR 211 Final Assessment- Summer 2 2025

No.

1 : A nurse is educating clients about breast cancer at a community health event. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the training?

2 : A nurse is instructing a client who is newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) about the use of antitubercular medications. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

3 : A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote thinning of respiratory secretions?

4 : A nurse is caring for a client who has deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of their right lower leg. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select All that Apply.)

5 : A nurse is caring for a client who just had a flexible bronchoscopy. Which of the following nursing actions is appropriate?

6 : A nurse manager is providing an in-service for a group of nurses about thromboembolism. Which of the following conditions should the nurse manager include as life-threatening? (Select All that Apply.)

7 : A nurse is reviewing the CBC findings for a female client who is receiving combination chemotherapy for breast cancer. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

8 : A nurse is planning care for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following changes should the nurse expect? (Select All that Apply.)

9 : A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has coronary artery disease. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching to explain the correlation between changes in the coronary arteries and manifestations that occur?

10 : A nurse is caring for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The nurse should identify that which of the following conditions is the most common cause of ARDS?

1 :
A nurse is educating clients about breast cancer at a community health event. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the training?

2 :
A nurse is instructing a client who is newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) about the use of antitubercular medications. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

3 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote thinning of respiratory secretions?

4 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of their right lower leg. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select All that Apply.)

5 :
A nurse is caring for a client who just had a flexible bronchoscopy. Which of the following nursing actions is appropriate?

6 :
A nurse manager is providing an in-service for a group of nurses about thromboembolism. Which of the following conditions should the nurse manager include as life-threatening? (Select All that Apply.)

7 :
A nurse is reviewing the CBC findings for a female client who is receiving combination chemotherapy for breast cancer. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

8 :
A nurse is planning care for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following changes should the nurse expect? (Select All that Apply.)

9 :
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has coronary artery disease. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching to explain the correlation between changes in the coronary arteries and manifestations that occur?

10 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The nurse should identify that which of the following conditions is the most common cause of ARDS?