Question

A client has a medical prescription for nifedipine [Adalat XL]. Which of the following should the nurse teach the client about this medication?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

"Swallow the medication whole and do not cut, crush, or chew the medication."

Rationale :

🍍 Nifedipine [Adalat XL] is an extended-release calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension and angina.

🍍 It must be swallowed whole to maintain the extended-release mechanism, which allows for gradual drug absorption over time.

🍍 Crushing, chewing, or cutting the tablet can cause dose dumping, leading to rapid absorption, which may result in severe hypotension or cardiovascular effects.

🍍 While monitoring blood pressure and avoiding OTC medications is important, the priority teaching point is to preserve the integrity of the extended-release formulation.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Amiodarone [Cordarone]

Rationale :

🍇 Amiodarone is a Class III antiarrhythmic agent that is highly effective in treating life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, including ventricular fibrillation (VF) and ventricular tachycardia (VT).

🍇 It works by prolonging the action potential and refractory period of cardiac cells, helping to stabilize the cardiac rhythm when other medications or defibrillation have failed.

🍇 It can be administered intravenously in emergency situations, especially in cases of recurrent or resistant VF.

🍇 The nurse should monitor for pulmonary toxicity, bradycardia, and thyroid dysfunction as serious adverse effects with prolonged use.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

"Dilute liquid preparations with juice or water and administer through a straw."

Rationale :

🍓 Ferrous sulfate is an oral iron supplement used to treat or prevent iron deficiency anemia.

🍓 Liquid formulations can stain the teeth, so clients should be instructed to dilute the solution with juice or water and drink it through a straw, then rinse the mouth afterward.

🍓 Citrus juices, like orange juice, can actually enhance iron absorption due to their vitamin C content and are encouraged—not avoided.

🍓 It is normal for iron to cause green or dark brown stools, and this does not need to be reported unless there are signs of GI bleeding.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

"Dilute liquid preparations with juice or water and administer through a straw."

Rationale :

🍓 Ferrous sulfate is an oral iron supplement used to treat or prevent iron deficiency anemia.

🍓 Liquid formulations can stain the teeth, so clients should be instructed to dilute the solution with juice or water and drink it through a straw, then rinse the mouth afterward.

🍓 Citrus juices, like orange juice, can actually enhance iron absorption due to their vitamin C content and are encouraged—not avoided.

🍓 It is normal for iron to cause green or dark brown stools, and this does not need to be reported unless there are signs of GI bleeding.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Digoxin (Lanoxin) toxicity

Rationale :

🍍 Digoxin toxicity is characterized by classic visual disturbances, including blurred vision, yellow/green halos, and in some cases photophobia.

🍍 These symptoms often occur alongside other signs like nausea, vomiting, dizziness, bradycardia, and cardiac arrhythmias.

🍍 Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic index, so toxicity can easily occur, especially in older adults or those with renal impairment or hypokalemia.

🍍 The nurse should immediately notify the provider and anticipate holding the medication, checking serum digoxin levels, and monitoring cardiac rhythm closely.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

"This drug could take 1-3 weeks to begin working."

Rationale :

🍊 Fluoxetine (Prozac) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used for treating depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders.

🍊 It typically begins to show therapeutic effects within 1 to 3 weeks, although full symptom relief may take 4 to 6 weeks.

🍊 The nurse should provide reassurance and explain that the client’s feelings are common during early treatment, helping promote medication adherence.

🍊 Premature changes to medication are not necessary unless the client experiences severe side effects or worsening symptoms.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Lithium [Lithobid]

Rationale :

🍇 Lithium is a mood stabilizer and is the first-line treatment for managing acute manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder.

🍇 It helps control symptoms like elevated mood, hyperactivity, reduced need for sleep, and impulsive behavior.

🍇 Lithium requires serum level monitoring due to its narrow therapeutic range (typically 0.6–1.2 mEq/L) and potential for toxicity.

🍇 The nurse should educate the client about maintaining adequate fluid and sodium intake, as dehydration or sodium loss can raise lithium levels.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

ARBs and ACE inhibitors are contraindicated during pregnancy.

Rationale :

🍋 ACE inhibitors (like lisinopril) and ARBs (like losartan) are both teratogenic and can cause fetal injury or death, especially in the second and third trimesters.

🍋 These drugs are absolutely contraindicated during pregnancy, and women of childbearing age should be advised to use effective contraception while on therapy.

🍋 Both drug classes are used to manage hypertension and heart failure, and they can increase potassium and cause neutropenia, so labs should be monitored.

🍋 Nurses should reinforce avoiding these drugs during pregnancy and monitoring for hyperkalemia and low WBCs.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Controlled Substances Act (CSA)

Rationale :

🍉 The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) is the federal law that regulates the manufacture, distribution, and classification of drugs considered to have potential for abuse.

🍉 It categorizes medications into Schedules I through V, with Schedule I being the most restrictive (e.g., heroin, no accepted medical use) and Schedule V the least restrictive.

🍉 The CSA is enforced by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and helps ensure the safe and legal use of narcotics and controlled medications.

🍉 This statute plays a critical role in guiding prescription practices, monitoring controlled substance use, and preventing drug diversion and abuse.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Captopril (Capoten)

Rationale :

🍇 Captopril is an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, a class of drugs commonly used to treat hypertension and heart failure.

🍇 A well-known side effect of ACE inhibitors like captopril is a persistent, dry, nonproductive cough, which occurs in up to 20% of patients.

🍇 This cough is thought to be caused by the accumulation of bradykinin, a peptide that is normally broken down by ACE.

🍇 If the cough becomes intolerable, providers may switch the client to an Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB) like losartan, which does not cause this effect.

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ATI LPN Pharmacology-Herzing University

No.

1 :
A client has a medical prescription for nifedipine [Adalat XL]. Which of the following should the nurse teach the client about this medication?

2 :
A client has been diagnosed with a life-threatening recurrent ventricular fibrillation that has not responded to other medications or defibrillation. Which of the following does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed next?

3 :
Which of the following will the nurse include in teaching for a client taking ferrous sulfate [Feosol]?

4 :
Which of the following will the nurse include in teaching for a client taking ferrous sulfate [Feosol]?

5 :
The nurse is assessing a client on a telemetry unit when the client states, "My vision is blurry, and I have been seeing yellow/green halos everywhere I look." Which of the following would the nurse suspect?

6 :
A client prescribed fluoxetine (Prozac) returns to the clinic one week after beginning therapy and states, "This drug is not working, I am still very sad." Which of the following would be the nurse's best response?

7 :
A client is admitted to a hospital for treatment for first-time acute symptoms of mania. The nurse anticipates the provider will prescribe which of the following medications?

8 :
The clinic nurse is teaching a community class about Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs). Which of the following should be included in the teaching?

9 :
Which of the following is the federal statute that regulates drugs and medications in Schedules I through V?

10 :
A nurse is assessing a client who complains of a persistent, nonproductive dry cough after starting a new prescription for hypertension. Which of the following medications does the nurse suspect?

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ATI LPN Pharmacology-Herzing University

No.

1 : A client has a medical prescription for nifedipine [Adalat XL]. Which of the following should the nurse teach the client about this medication?

2 : A client has been diagnosed with a life-threatening recurrent ventricular fibrillation that has not responded to other medications or defibrillation. Which of the following does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed next?

3 : Which of the following will the nurse include in teaching for a client taking ferrous sulfate [Feosol]?

4 : Which of the following will the nurse include in teaching for a client taking ferrous sulfate [Feosol]?

5 : The nurse is assessing a client on a telemetry unit when the client states, "My vision is blurry, and I have been seeing yellow/green halos everywhere I look." Which of the following would the nurse suspect?

6 : A client prescribed fluoxetine (Prozac) returns to the clinic one week after beginning therapy and states, "This drug is not working, I am still very sad." Which of the following would be the nurse's best response?

7 : A client is admitted to a hospital for treatment for first-time acute symptoms of mania. The nurse anticipates the provider will prescribe which of the following medications?

8 : The clinic nurse is teaching a community class about Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs). Which of the following should be included in the teaching?

9 : Which of the following is the federal statute that regulates drugs and medications in Schedules I through V?

10 : A nurse is assessing a client who complains of a persistent, nonproductive dry cough after starting a new prescription for hypertension. Which of the following medications does the nurse suspect?

1 :
A client has a medical prescription for nifedipine [Adalat XL]. Which of the following should the nurse teach the client about this medication?

2 :
A client has been diagnosed with a life-threatening recurrent ventricular fibrillation that has not responded to other medications or defibrillation. Which of the following does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed next?

3 :
Which of the following will the nurse include in teaching for a client taking ferrous sulfate [Feosol]?

4 :
Which of the following will the nurse include in teaching for a client taking ferrous sulfate [Feosol]?

5 :
The nurse is assessing a client on a telemetry unit when the client states, "My vision is blurry, and I have been seeing yellow/green halos everywhere I look." Which of the following would the nurse suspect?

6 :
A client prescribed fluoxetine (Prozac) returns to the clinic one week after beginning therapy and states, "This drug is not working, I am still very sad." Which of the following would be the nurse's best response?

7 :
A client is admitted to a hospital for treatment for first-time acute symptoms of mania. The nurse anticipates the provider will prescribe which of the following medications?

8 :
The clinic nurse is teaching a community class about Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs). Which of the following should be included in the teaching?

9 :
Which of the following is the federal statute that regulates drugs and medications in Schedules I through V?

10 :
A nurse is assessing a client who complains of a persistent, nonproductive dry cough after starting a new prescription for hypertension. Which of the following medications does the nurse suspect?