Question

A nurse is reviewing the medication history of a client who reports urinary retention. The nurse should recognize that which of the following medications can cause this adverse reaction?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Scopolamine.

Rationale :

🧠 Scopolamine is an anticholinergic medication that can lead to urinary retention by blocking acetylcholine receptors, thereby inhibiting parasympathetic nervous system activity.

🧠 This reduces bladder muscle contractility, making it difficult for the bladder to empty completely.

🧠 Urinary retention is a known adverse effect of many anticholinergics, especially in older adults or those with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

🧠 Nurses should monitor for difficulty voiding, bladder distention, and report signs of retention promptly.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

"You will need to wait a couple of weeks to feel the therapeutic effect of the medication.”

Rationale :

🕰️ Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA), generally requires 2 to 4 weeks for its therapeutic effects to be noticeable.

🕰️ The nurse’s role includes setting realistic expectations and educating the client about the delayed onset common with antidepressants.

🕰️ Encouraging the client to continue taking the medication as prescribed supports adherence and maximizes effectiveness.

🕰️ Suggesting a dose change or different medication too early could lead to non-compliance or treatment failure.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Calcium supplements.

Rationale :

🦴 Calcium supplements can significantly impair the absorption of levothyroxine when taken too close together.

🦴 The nurse should instruct the client to separate the doses by at least 4 hours to ensure effective absorption and maintain therapeutic levels.

🦴 Other minerals such as iron, magnesium, and antacids with aluminum or calcium can also interfere with absorption.

🦴 Educating the client on proper timing supports thyroid regulation and avoids under-treatment of hypothyroidism.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Hgb.

Rationale :

🩸 Epoetin alfa is a synthetic form of erythropoietin, used to stimulate red blood cell production, especially in clients with anemia due to chronic kidney disease, chemotherapy, or HIV therapy.

🩸 The most appropriate lab value to monitor its effectiveness is hemoglobin (Hgb), as it reflects red blood cell levels and oxygen-carrying capacity.

🩸 An increase in Hgb indicates that the medication is working as intended.

🩸 Target Hgb levels are typically not to exceed 11–12 g/dL to avoid risks such as hypertension or thromboembolic events.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Respiratory rate 10/min.

Rationale :

🫁 Morphine, especially when administered via epidural infusion, can cause respiratory depression, a serious and potentially life-threatening adverse effect.

🫁 A respiratory rate of 10/min is below the normal range for adults and signals the early stage of opioid-induced respiratory suppression.

🫁 This finding should be reported immediately, as it may require interventions such as dose reduction, stopping the infusion, or administering naloxone.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Antacid.

Rationale :

🧪 Tetracycline binds to divalent and trivalent cations (such as calcium, magnesium, aluminum, and iron) found in antacids, leading to reduced absorption of the antibiotic.

🧪 To avoid this interaction, the nurse should instruct the client to take antacids at least 3 hours before or after taking tetracycline.

🧪 This timing allows for proper absorption of the antibiotic and preserves its therapeutic effect.

🧪 Other substances that can interfere include dairy products, iron supplements, and calcium-containing medications.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Sexually active female clients must use two forms of birth control during treatment.

Rationale :

🚫 Isotretinoin is a powerful teratogenic medication used for severe acne and can cause serious birth defects if taken during pregnancy.

🚫 The iPLEDGE program is a risk management system that requires sexually active female clients to use two forms of birth control—starting 1 month before, during, and for 1 month after therapy.

🚫 Clients must also undergo monthly pregnancy tests and confirm compliance with the program to receive refills.

🚫 This strict protocol is essential to prevent fetal exposure and ensure safe use of isotretinoin.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Jaundice.

Rationale :

🟡 Acetaminophen is metabolized by the liver, and excessive doses or prolonged use can lead to hepatotoxicity.

🟡 One of the key signs of liver damage is jaundice, which presents as yellowing of the skin or eyes due to elevated bilirubin levels.

🟡 The nurse should monitor for other signs of liver injury such as abdominal pain, dark urine, or elevated liver enzymes.

🟡 Early recognition of hepatotoxicity is crucial to prevent serious liver failure, especially in clients who may be using multiple medications or consume alcohol.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Inject the medication into abdominal tissue.

Rationale :

💉 Enoxaparin (Lovenox) is a low molecular weight heparin given subcutaneously, and the preferred site for administration is the abdomen, specifically at least 2 inches away from the umbilicus.

💉 The medication should be injected into a pinched fold of abdominal fat, which helps reduce the risk of intramuscular administration and bruising.

💉 The air bubble in the prefilled syringe should not be expelled, as it helps seal the medication in the tissue and minimize leakage or bruising.

💉 Aspiration and massage are avoided to reduce the risk of tissue damage or hematoma.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Nursing drug guide.

Rationale :

📚 A nursing drug guide is the most reliable and evidence-based resource for looking up medication information, including indications, dosages, side effects, contraindications, and nursing considerations.

📚 It ensures the nurse has accurate, up-to-date clinical information to make safe decisions regarding medication administration and patient education.

📚 Relying on sales reps, colleagues, or family members may result in incomplete or inaccurate information, potentially compromising patient safety.

📚 Consulting the drug guide aligns with best practice standards in nursing care and medication safety.

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ATI PN Pharmacology-2020

No.

1 :
A nurse is reviewing the medication history of a client who reports urinary retention. The nurse should recognize that which of the following medications can cause this adverse reaction?

2 :
A nurse is caring for a client who started taking amitriptyline 6 days ago. The client reports that the medication is not helping. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

3 :
A nurse is talking with a client who has been taking levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking which of the following over-the-counter medications within 4 hr of taking levothyroxine?

4 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking epoetin alfa for 3 months. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication?

5 :
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is receiving morphine via a continuous epidural infusion. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?

6 :
A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who has a new prescription for tetracycline. The nurse should instruct the client to take which of the following medications 3 hr before or after taking the tetracycline?

7 :
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the iPLEDGE program with a female client who has a new prescription for isotretinoin. The nurse should tell the client that which of the following is a requirement of the program?

8 :
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving acetaminophen for mild pain. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

9 :
A nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin subcutaneously to a client using a prefilled syringe. The nurse should plan to use which of the following techniques when administering this medication?

10 :
A nurse who is preparing to administer medications to a client is unfamiliar with a medication that the client takes at home. Which of the following resources should the nurse consult?

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ATI PN Pharmacology-2020

No.

1 : A nurse is reviewing the medication history of a client who reports urinary retention. The nurse should recognize that which of the following medications can cause this adverse reaction?

2 : A nurse is caring for a client who started taking amitriptyline 6 days ago. The client reports that the medication is not helping. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

3 : A nurse is talking with a client who has been taking levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking which of the following over-the-counter medications within 4 hr of taking levothyroxine?

4 : A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking epoetin alfa for 3 months. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication?

5 : A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is receiving morphine via a continuous epidural infusion. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?

6 : A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who has a new prescription for tetracycline. The nurse should instruct the client to take which of the following medications 3 hr before or after taking the tetracycline?

7 : A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the iPLEDGE program with a female client who has a new prescription for isotretinoin. The nurse should tell the client that which of the following is a requirement of the program?

8 : A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving acetaminophen for mild pain. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

9 : A nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin subcutaneously to a client using a prefilled syringe. The nurse should plan to use which of the following techniques when administering this medication?

10 : A nurse who is preparing to administer medications to a client is unfamiliar with a medication that the client takes at home. Which of the following resources should the nurse consult?

1 :
A nurse is reviewing the medication history of a client who reports urinary retention. The nurse should recognize that which of the following medications can cause this adverse reaction?

2 :
A nurse is caring for a client who started taking amitriptyline 6 days ago. The client reports that the medication is not helping. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

3 :
A nurse is talking with a client who has been taking levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking which of the following over-the-counter medications within 4 hr of taking levothyroxine?

4 :
A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking epoetin alfa for 3 months. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication?

5 :
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is receiving morphine via a continuous epidural infusion. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?

6 :
A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who has a new prescription for tetracycline. The nurse should instruct the client to take which of the following medications 3 hr before or after taking the tetracycline?

7 :
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about the iPLEDGE program with a female client who has a new prescription for isotretinoin. The nurse should tell the client that which of the following is a requirement of the program?

8 :
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving acetaminophen for mild pain. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?

9 :
A nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin subcutaneously to a client using a prefilled syringe. The nurse should plan to use which of the following techniques when administering this medication?

10 :
A nurse who is preparing to administer medications to a client is unfamiliar with a medication that the client takes at home. Which of the following resources should the nurse consult?