Question

A nurse is preparing to administer aspirin 650 mg PO. Available is aspirin 325 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

2

Rationale :

🔹 Calculation:

Given:

Ordered dose = 650 mg

Available dose = 325 mg per tablet

👉 650 ÷ 325 = 2 tablets

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Older adult.

Rationale :

✳️ The term "older adult" is the appropriate clinical and developmental label for individuals aged 65 years and older, as recognized by most nursing frameworks including Erikson’s psychosocial stages and CDC classifications.

✳️ It encompasses both "young-old" (65–74), "middle-old" (75–84), and "old-old" (85+) without implying frailty or non-specific aging.

✳️ Using "older adult" promotes respectful, person-centered communication in health care, avoiding stereotypes associated with terms like "aged" or "elderly."

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Drug elimination will be slowed.

Rationale :

🟢 Highly lipid-soluble drugs accumulate extensively in adipose tissue, which is more abundant in obese patients.

🟢 This accumulation creates a drug reservoir, allowing the medication to slowly leach back into circulation over time.

🟢 As a result, the half-life of the drug is prolonged, and it takes longer for the drug to be cleared from the body.

🟢 The primary pharmacokinetic change in obesity with lipid-soluble drugs is slowed elimination, not absorption or metabolism.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Nursing Minimum Data Set.

Rationale :

🟣 Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS) is a standardized classification system that collects essential nursing data across various settings.

🟣 It facilitates comparison of nursing care, outcomes, and resource use across institutions and populations.

🟣 The NMDS includes elements like nursing diagnoses, interventions, patient demographics, and outcomes.

🟣 Its goal is to support research, policy-making, and evidence-based practice by ensuring uniform nursing documentation.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

The patient states that his temperature has been 88.8F.

Rationale :

🟡 Objective data refers to measurable, observable findings that can be verified by the nurse or healthcare provider.

🟡 Although the patient reports the temperature, a specific numeric value such as 88.8°F can be verified and is considered quantifiable information.

🟡 This makes it a primary objective finding, especially when the nurse can later measure and validate it.

🟡 In contrast, symptoms like pain or dizziness are subjective because they rely solely on the patient’s description and cannot be observed directly.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Drug interaction.

Rationale :

🔵 Drug interaction occurs when the effect of one drug is altered by the presence of another substance, such as a second drug, food, or chemical.

🔵 In this case, the antacid raises gastric pH, which inhibits the dissolution and absorption of ketoconazole, an antifungal that requires an acidic environment.

🔵 This interaction reduces ketoconazole’s bioavailability, making the therapy less effective.

🔵 It is a pharmacokinetic interaction, specifically affecting absorption, and is classified under drug-drug interactions.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Supporting the child's head and holding the child in the lap.

Rationale :

🦋 Preschoolers may not fully cooperate during oral medication administration, making physical support essential for safety.

🦋 Holding the child in the lap with head supported prevents aspiration and allows for controlled medication delivery.

🦋 This position also provides emotional comfort, reducing anxiety and resistance during the procedure.

🦋 It aligns with standard pediatric nursing practices for ensuring safe and effective medication administration in young children.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Dangerous adverse effect.

Rationale :

🌪️ Toxic reactions are harmful and potentially life-threatening effects that result from excessive drug levels in the body.

🌪️ These reactions often occur when the drug accumulates beyond the therapeutic range, either due to overdose, impaired metabolism, or drug interactions.

🌪️ They can damage organs or systems, such as hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, or neurotoxicity.

🌪️ Toxic effects are considered severe adverse reactions that require immediate intervention to prevent permanent harm.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Blood flow of the mucous lining of the stomach and intestines.
Enzyme activity.
Gastric pH.
Gastric emptying time.

Rationale :

🔸 A. Blood flow of the mucous lining of the stomach and intestines

🔸 Adequate blood supply to the stomach and intestines enhances drug absorption into systemic circulation.

🔸 Poor perfusion (e.g., in shock or cold environments) can delay or reduce absorption.

🔸 Areas with richer blood supply, like the small intestine, show more efficient uptake of medications.

🔸 Blood flow maintains the concentration gradient needed for passive diffusion of most oral drugs.

🔸 C. Enzyme activity

🔸 Digestive and metabolic enzymes in the GI tract may break down drugs before absorption.

🔸 Some drugs are inactivated by enzymes, reducing their bioavailability.

🔸 Enzyme activity can vary with age, liver function, and concurrent medications.

🔸 Prodrugs may require activation by enzymes before becoming pharmacologically active.

🔸 D. Gastric pH

🔸 Gastric pH affects drug solubility and ionization, influencing absorption efficiency.

🔸 Acidic drugs (like aspirin) absorb better in the stomach, while basic drugs prefer the alkaline small intestine.

🔸 Medications like antacids or PPIs alter pH and can interfere with drug absorption.

🔸 pH-dependent absorption is critical for drugs like ketoconazole, iron, and calcium carbonate.

🔸 E. Gastric emptying time

🔸 The rate at which the stomach empties affects how quickly drugs reach the small intestine, where most absorption occurs.

🔸 Delayed emptying slows absorption, while rapid emptying can lead to premature transit and incomplete absorption.

🔸 Factors such as food intake, medications (e.g., opioids), and illness can alter gastric emptying.

🔸 Optimal absorption often depends on ensuring drugs spend the right amount of time in their ideal absorption zone.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Dependent.

Rationale :

🌟 Administering medication is a dependent nursing action because it requires a healthcare provider’s order (typically from a physician, nurse practitioner, or physician assistant).

🌟 Nurses are legally and ethically obligated to follow prescriber orders for medication administration unless it poses harm to the patient.

🌟 While nurses use their judgment in assessing the patient before and after giving the drug, the act itself is not initiated autonomously.

🌟 This type of action is regulated by scope of practice laws and institutional policy.

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ATI PN Custom Pharmacology

No.

1 :
A nurse is preparing to administer aspirin 650 mg PO. Available is aspirin 325 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

🔹 Calculation:

2 :
Which life stage pertains to a 65-year-old patient?.

3 :
Which difference in pharmacokinetics does the nurse expect in the obese patient as compared with the thin patient with administration of a highly lipid-soluble drug?.

4 :
Which terminology correctly identifies the NMDS classification system?.

5 :
Which assessment finding is considered primary objective information?.

6 :
A patient is taking an antacid concurrently with ketoconazole. The antacid inhibits the dissolution of ketoconazole. Which term accurately describes this result?.

7 :
Which guideline does the nurse follow when administering oral medication to a preschool child?.

8 :
Which is the best description of a toxic reaction to a drug?.

9 :
Which factors affect the gastrointestinal absorption of medicines? (Select all that apply.) Select 4 options. (Select All that Apply.).

10 :
Which type of nursing action occurs when the nurse administers a medication to a patient?.

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ATI PN Custom Pharmacology

No.

1 : A nurse is preparing to administer aspirin 650 mg PO. Available is aspirin 325 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

🔹 Calculation:

2 : Which life stage pertains to a 65-year-old patient?.

3 : Which difference in pharmacokinetics does the nurse expect in the obese patient as compared with the thin patient with administration of a highly lipid-soluble drug?.

4 : Which terminology correctly identifies the NMDS classification system?.

5 : Which assessment finding is considered primary objective information?.

6 : A patient is taking an antacid concurrently with ketoconazole. The antacid inhibits the dissolution of ketoconazole. Which term accurately describes this result?.

7 : Which guideline does the nurse follow when administering oral medication to a preschool child?.

8 : Which is the best description of a toxic reaction to a drug?.

9 : Which factors affect the gastrointestinal absorption of medicines? (Select all that apply.) Select 4 options. (Select All that Apply.).

10 : Which type of nursing action occurs when the nurse administers a medication to a patient?.

1 :
A nurse is preparing to administer aspirin 650 mg PO. Available is aspirin 325 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

2 :
Which life stage pertains to a 65-year-old patient?.

3 :
Which difference in pharmacokinetics does the nurse expect in the obese patient as compared with the thin patient with administration of a highly lipid-soluble drug?.

4 :
Which terminology correctly identifies the NMDS classification system?.

5 :
Which assessment finding is considered primary objective information?.

6 :
A patient is taking an antacid concurrently with ketoconazole. The antacid inhibits the dissolution of ketoconazole. Which term accurately describes this result?.

7 :
Which guideline does the nurse follow when administering oral medication to a preschool child?.

8 :
Which is the best description of a toxic reaction to a drug?.

9 :
Which factors affect the gastrointestinal absorption of medicines? (Select all that apply.) Select 4 options. (Select All that Apply.).

10 :
Which type of nursing action occurs when the nurse administers a medication to a patient?.