Question

A nurse is caring for a 45-year-old male client in the emergency department who reports severe abdominal pain.

Answer 1

Correct Answers

Increase fiber intake [ Nonessential ]
CT of the abdomen with contrast [ Anticipated ]
Flexible sigmoidoscopy [ Anticipated ]
Change IV fluids to 0.9% sodium chloride with KCl [ Anticipated ]
Type and crossmatch blood [ Anticipated ]
Administer IV piperacillin-tazobactam [ Contraindicated ]

Rationale :

🔷 CT and sigmoidoscopy assess severity and location of diverticulitis.

🔷 KCl IV fluids address dehydration and borderline potassium levels.

🔷 Type/crossmatch indicated for possible GI bleeding (positive occult blood).

🔷 Piperacillin-tazobactam is contraindicated due to penicillin allergy.

🔷 High-fiber is nonessential during acute inflammation phase.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Hepatitis A

Rationale :

🟢 Hepatitis A is transmitted via fecal-oral route through contaminated food or water.

🟢 It often spreads in outbreaks related to poor sanitation or infected food handlers.

🟢 It differs from Hep B, C, D which are bloodborne pathogens.

🟢 Hep A is typically acute, self-limiting, and does not lead to chronic disease.

🟢 Prevention includes hand hygiene and vaccination.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Maintain bed rest for 48 hr following surgery.
Irrigate the nasogastric tube every 4 to 8 hr.
Encourage hourly use of an incentive spirometer while awake.

Rationale :

🔴 Bed rest allows GI recovery and pain control after obstruction surgery.

🔴 NG tube irrigation ensures tube patency and decompression.

🔴 Incentive spirometry helps prevent atelectasis or pneumonia.

🔴 Leg exercises not specifically prioritized in this post-op scenario.

🔴 Nursing care targets GI healing and pulmonary support.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Observe mucous membranes for dryness
Provide frequent oral care with moist swabs
Increase the rate of intravenous (IV) fluids

Rationale :

🟡 Mucous membranes offer a clear sign of hydration status.

🟡 Moist swabs relieve discomfort from NPO restrictions.

🟡 IV fluid adjustment helps maintain fluid balance.

🟡 Oral water intake is not allowed under NPO orders.

🟡 Preventing dehydration requires non-oral methods.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Bluish-Purplish colored stoma

Rationale :

🔵 A purplish stoma suggests poor perfusion or ischemia, a surgical emergency.

🔵 Report immediately to prevent necrosis or stomal failure.

🔵 Edema and slight bleeding are expected in immediate postop phase.

🔵 No stool is not unusual at 12 hr post-op.

🔵 Stoma viability is assessed by color, moisture, and bleeding.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

32-year-old who has a sister who died of colon cancer

Rationale :

🟣 Family history is a major risk factor for colorectal cancer.

🟣 Colonoscopy is the gold standard for early detection and prevention.

🟣 Start screening earlier for those with first-degree relatives affected.

🟣 Clostridium difficile and constipation don’t warrant screening unless chronic.

🟣 Follow current screening guidelines for high-risk individuals.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Inspection

Rationale :

⚫ Abdominal assessment always begins with visual inspection.

⚫ Assess for distension, discoloration, scars, or visible peristalsis.

⚫ Auscultation follows — palpation/percussion may alter bowel sounds.

⚫ Palpation is always done last to avoid pain or gas movement.

⚫ Accurate sequence ensures valid findings.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Acid indigestion

Rationale :

🔶 Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that reduces gastric acid.

🔶 Effective for treating GERD, ulcers, dyspepsia.

🔶 Relief of acid indigestion = desired outcome.

🔶 Nausea or diarrhea are side effects, not efficacy markers.

🔶 Long-term use needs vitamin B12 monitoring.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

“I’m going for a drink with my coworkers.”.

Rationale :

🟢 Alcohol irritates gastric mucosa and worsens gastritis.

🟢 It’s a known trigger for acute gastritis flare-ups.

🟢 Nurse should clarify the need for alcohol avoidance.

🟢 Small meals, bland diet, antacids are supportive treatments.

🟢 Education reduces recurrence and complications.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Gag reflex

Rationale :

🔴 Post-EGD, monitor gag reflex to prevent aspiration.

🔴 Local anesthetic impairs swallowing — wait for reflex return.

🔴 Sore throat and bloating are expected but non-urgent.

🔴 Ensures safe resumption of fluids or diet.

🔴 Assess before allowing oral intake.

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options	Anticipated	Nonessential	Contraindicated
Increase fiber intake
CT of the abdomen with contrast
Flexible sigmoidoscopy
Change IV fluids to 0.9% sodium chloride with KCl
Type and crossmatch blood
Administer IV piperacillin-tazobactam

ATI LPN Medsurg Exam 3

No.

1 :
A nurse is caring for a 45-year-old male client in the emergency department who reports severe abdominal pain.

Correct Answers

2 :
A client with hepatitis has contracted the infection from contaminated food. Which type of hepatitis is this client most likely experiencing?

3 :
A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who had surgery for a bowel obstruction. The client has a nasogastric tube in place.Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the client’s plan of care? (Select all that apply)

4 :
The nurse is caring for a client who received a new diet prescription from the physician for nothing by mouth (NPO) except ice chips. Which actions would the nurse take to alleviate the effects of dehydration? Select all that apply

5 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is 12 hr postoperative following a colectomy with colostomy placement. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

6 :
A nurse in a provider’s office is reviewing the health histories of four clients. For which of the following clients should the nurse anticipate scheduling a colonoscopy?

7 :
The nurse is preparing to perform an abdominal examination. Which step would be taken first?

8 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking omeprazole for the past 4 weeks. The nurse determines that the medication is effective when the client reports relief from which of the following symptoms?

9 :
The nurse provides education for a patient about the treatment for acute gastritis. Which patient statement requires correction by the nurse?

10 :
A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who had an upper endoscopy 1 hr ago. The nurse should place the priority on monitoring which of the following?

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ATI LPN Medsurg Exam 3

No.

1 : A nurse is caring for a 45-year-old male client in the emergency department who reports severe abdominal pain.

Correct Answers

2 : A client with hepatitis has contracted the infection from contaminated food. Which type of hepatitis is this client most likely experiencing?

3 : A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who had surgery for a bowel obstruction. The client has a nasogastric tube in place.Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the client’s plan of care? (Select all that apply)

4 : The nurse is caring for a client who received a new diet prescription from the physician for nothing by mouth (NPO) except ice chips. Which actions would the nurse take to alleviate the effects of dehydration? Select all that apply

5 : A nurse is collecting data from a client who is 12 hr postoperative following a colectomy with colostomy placement. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

6 : A nurse in a provider’s office is reviewing the health histories of four clients. For which of the following clients should the nurse anticipate scheduling a colonoscopy?

7 : The nurse is preparing to perform an abdominal examination. Which step would be taken first?

8 : A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking omeprazole for the past 4 weeks. The nurse determines that the medication is effective when the client reports relief from which of the following symptoms?

9 : The nurse provides education for a patient about the treatment for acute gastritis. Which patient statement requires correction by the nurse?

10 : A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who had an upper endoscopy 1 hr ago. The nurse should place the priority on monitoring which of the following?

1 :
A nurse is caring for a 45-year-old male client in the emergency department who reports severe abdominal pain.

2 :
A client with hepatitis has contracted the infection from contaminated food. Which type of hepatitis is this client most likely experiencing?

3 :
A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who had surgery for a bowel obstruction. The client has a nasogastric tube in place.Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the client’s plan of care? (Select all that apply)

4 :
The nurse is caring for a client who received a new diet prescription from the physician for nothing by mouth (NPO) except ice chips. Which actions would the nurse take to alleviate the effects of dehydration? Select all that apply

5 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is 12 hr postoperative following a colectomy with colostomy placement. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

6 :
A nurse in a provider’s office is reviewing the health histories of four clients. For which of the following clients should the nurse anticipate scheduling a colonoscopy?

7 :
The nurse is preparing to perform an abdominal examination. Which step would be taken first?

8 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking omeprazole for the past 4 weeks. The nurse determines that the medication is effective when the client reports relief from which of the following symptoms?

9 :
The nurse provides education for a patient about the treatment for acute gastritis. Which patient statement requires correction by the nurse?

10 :
A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who had an upper endoscopy 1 hr ago. The nurse should place the priority on monitoring which of the following?