Question

After undergoing prostate surgery, a patient is discharged on the medication phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium) to assist with urinary catheter discomfort. What information will the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Urine will appear reddish orange.

Rationale :

🔷 Phenazopyridine (Pyridium) is a urinary tract analgesic used to relieve discomfort associated with catheter use or UTIs.

🔷 It works by soothing the lining of the urinary tract, but one notable effect is the reddish-orange discoloration of the urine.

🔷 This is harmless but important to inform the patient about, as it can stain clothing and contact lenses, causing alarm if unexpected.

🔷 It does not affect the eyes, cause GI distress, or alter urine odor.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Being certain the tube is connected, not kinked, or not clamped to ensure that it continually drains.

Rationale :

🟡 A nephrostomy tube is inserted to divert urine from the kidneys when ureteral obstruction is present.

🟡 To prevent hydronephrosis or infection, the nurse must ensure the tube is patent, draining, and not clamped.

🟡 The site should be covered with a sterile dressing, and irrigation must be minimal and only if ordered, usually with ≤10 mL.

🟡 Clamping the tube could dangerously increase pressure in the renal pelvis, risking renal damage.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Confusion

Rationale :

🔶 In elderly clients, confusion or acute mental status changes are common and often the first indicator of infection, including UTIs.

🔶 Classic symptoms like dysuria or frequency may be absent or less noticeable due to age-related changes or communication difficulties.

🔶 The nurse should maintain a high index of suspicion when cognitive changes are noted in older adults.

🔶 Prompt urinalysis and treatment can prevent serious complications like sepsis.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Decreases the urge to void.

Rationale :

🟢 Tolterodine (Detrol) is an anticholinergic used to treat overactive bladder symptoms, including urinary urgency, frequency, and incontinence.

🟢 It works by blocking acetylcholine receptors in the bladder wall, thereby reducing detrusor muscle contractions.

🟢 This results in reduced sensation of needing to urinate, helping the patient regain control.

🟢 The medication should be used with caution due to potential side effects like dry mouth or urinary retention.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Watch for stone debris in the urine in 1 to 4 weeks

Rationale :

🔴 Lithotripsy breaks down kidney stones into small fragments, which are gradually passed in the urine.

🔴 Patients should be educated that passing debris for 1 to 4 weeks is expected and normal.

🔴 Increased fluid intake is encouraged to aid stone passage and prevent new formation.

🔴 Restricted activity is not usually necessary unless otherwise specified.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Assessing for patency

Rationale :

🟠 After ureteral catheter insertion, ensuring the catheter remains unobstructed is critical to prevent backup of urine into the kidney.

🟠 Patency is assessed by monitoring urine output, checking for kinks, and observing signs of flank pain or infection.

🟠 Output from the ureteral catheter is measured separately from the bladder to identify abnormalities.

🟠 Irrigation is generally avoided due to risk of ureteral trauma unless specifically ordered.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

“It is a normal postoperative expectation.”

Rationale :

🟣 Hematuria immediately after renal transplantation is common due to surgical manipulation and trauma to the urinary tract.

🟣 It is usually transient and resolves as the graft settles and the urinary system recovers.

🟣 The nurse should reassure the family while still monitoring for signs of ongoing or worsening bleeding.

🟣 This response provides accurate, calming reassurance without dismissing concerns.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Cystitis, probably from bacterial contamination

Rationale :

🔵 Symptoms of frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and cloudy, foul-smelling urine are hallmark signs of lower UTI (cystitis).

🔵 This is often caused by bacterial invasion, typically E. coli, entering the urethra and colonizing the bladder.

🔵 Males are less commonly affected but still present with typical signs when infected.

🔵 The nurse should anticipate urine culture, antibiotics, and supportive care.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

bleeding from the kidney

Rationale :

🟡 Dark red urine is indicative of bleeding that originates from higher in the urinary tract, especially the kidneys.

🟡 Causes can include renal trauma, infections, tumors, or nephrolithiasis.

🟡 Bright red blood, in contrast, typically suggests bleeding lower in the tract such as from the bladder or urethra.

🟡 The nurse should notify the provider and anticipate further evaluation, such as imaging or labs.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

E. coli

Rationale :

🔶 Escherichia coli (E. coli) is responsible for approximately 80–90% of uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

🔶 It is part of the normal intestinal flora but becomes pathogenic when it enters the urinary tract.

🔶 Factors such as poor hygiene, sexual activity, or catheter use increase the risk of contamination.

🔶 The nurse should suspect E. coli as the most likely etiologic agent, especially in females.

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ATI LPN Medsurg~Urinary System Exam

No.

1 :
After undergoing prostate surgery, a patient is discharged on the medication phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium) to assist with urinary catheter discomfort. What information will the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

2 :
A patient has a nephrostomy tube that has been inserted because of an obstruction in the ureter. What special precautions in the care of the nephrostomy tube should the nurse implement?

3 :
In the elderly what is a common sign of urinary tract infection (UTI)?

4 :
A 14-year-old male is taking tolterodine (Detrol). What is the action of this drug?

5 :
What discharge teaching is appropriate for the nurse to provide to a patient who has had a lithotripsy?

6 :
What should nursing care focus on when caring for a patient with a ureteral catheter in place after the removal of a kidney stone?

7 :
A family member of a patient who has returned to the special unit after renal transplantation is alarmed by blood in the urine of the patient. What is the nurse's best explanation when explaining the reason for hematuria in this patient?

8 :
A patient comes to the medical clinic with complaints of urgency, frequency, pain in the area of the symphysis pubis, and dark cloudy urine. What should the nurse suspect that this patient has?

9 :
When collecting a urine specimen, the nurse notices dark red urine. What condition may this indicate?

10 :
Which organism causes most UTIs?

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ATI LPN Medsurg~Urinary System Exam

No.

1 : After undergoing prostate surgery, a patient is discharged on the medication phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium) to assist with urinary catheter discomfort. What information will the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

2 : A patient has a nephrostomy tube that has been inserted because of an obstruction in the ureter. What special precautions in the care of the nephrostomy tube should the nurse implement?

3 : In the elderly what is a common sign of urinary tract infection (UTI)?

4 : A 14-year-old male is taking tolterodine (Detrol). What is the action of this drug?

5 : What discharge teaching is appropriate for the nurse to provide to a patient who has had a lithotripsy?

6 : What should nursing care focus on when caring for a patient with a ureteral catheter in place after the removal of a kidney stone?

7 : A family member of a patient who has returned to the special unit after renal transplantation is alarmed by blood in the urine of the patient. What is the nurse's best explanation when explaining the reason for hematuria in this patient?

8 : A patient comes to the medical clinic with complaints of urgency, frequency, pain in the area of the symphysis pubis, and dark cloudy urine. What should the nurse suspect that this patient has?

9 : When collecting a urine specimen, the nurse notices dark red urine. What condition may this indicate?

10 : Which organism causes most UTIs?

1 :
After undergoing prostate surgery, a patient is discharged on the medication phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium) to assist with urinary catheter discomfort. What information will the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

2 :
A patient has a nephrostomy tube that has been inserted because of an obstruction in the ureter. What special precautions in the care of the nephrostomy tube should the nurse implement?

3 :
In the elderly what is a common sign of urinary tract infection (UTI)?

4 :
A 14-year-old male is taking tolterodine (Detrol). What is the action of this drug?

5 :
What discharge teaching is appropriate for the nurse to provide to a patient who has had a lithotripsy?

6 :
What should nursing care focus on when caring for a patient with a ureteral catheter in place after the removal of a kidney stone?

7 :
A family member of a patient who has returned to the special unit after renal transplantation is alarmed by blood in the urine of the patient. What is the nurse's best explanation when explaining the reason for hematuria in this patient?

8 :
A patient comes to the medical clinic with complaints of urgency, frequency, pain in the area of the symphysis pubis, and dark cloudy urine. What should the nurse suspect that this patient has?

9 :
When collecting a urine specimen, the nurse notices dark red urine. What condition may this indicate?

10 :
Which organism causes most UTIs?