Question

The nurse is educating a patient concerning use of an Epi-pen for a severe allergic reaction to peanuts.Which of the following statements, made by the patient, allows the nurse to know that the education must be reinforced?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

"Once I inject myself with my Epi-pen. I won't have to go to the hospital."

Rationale :

🔸 Epinephrine provides temporary relief but does not replace emergency medical care.

🔸 There's a risk of biphasic anaphylaxis, which can occur hours after the initial reaction.

🔸 Hospital observation ensures access to oxygen, steroids, or further epinephrine if needed.

🔸 Clients should call 911 immediately after Epi-pen use.

🔸 This misconception requires urgent reinforcement of anaphylaxis protocols.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Facial rash

Rationale :

🔸 The classic "butterfly rash" across cheeks and nose is hallmark for SLE.

🔸 It is a result of immune-mediated inflammation in skin tissue.

🔸 Photosensitivity often worsens this rash upon UV light exposure.

🔸 Skin involvement is one of the 11 diagnostic criteria for SLE.

🔸 Rashes may flare during systemic disease activity.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Request that the surgeon prescribe a different antibiotic.

Rationale :

🔸 Cephalexin is a cephalosporin, which may cross-react in penicillin-allergic clients.

🔸 Anaphylaxis history warrants strict avoidance of related beta-lactam antibiotics.

🔸 Substituting with a non-beta-lactam minimizes risk of recurrence.

🔸 The nurse must advocate for safety and clarify prescriptions.

🔸 This is a priority medication safety concern.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

T-lymphocyte memory cells

Rationale :

🔸 Type IV hypersensitivity is a delayed immune reaction.

🔸 It is mediated by sensitized T-cells, not antibodies.

🔸 Examples include contact dermatitis and transplant rejection.

🔸 Reactions usually occur 24–72 hours after exposure.

🔸 It does not involve histamine release like Type I reactions.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

Destruction of gastric parietal cells, which decrease intrinsic factor production

Rationale :

🔸 Pernicious anemia results from loss of intrinsic factor, needed for B12 absorption.

🔸 Gastric parietal cells are destroyed in this autoimmune process.

🔸 Lack of B12 causes macrocytic anemia and neurological symptoms.

🔸 Common in older adults and autoimmune conditions.

🔸 Requires lifelong B12 supplementation (IM or oral).

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Airborne pollens and molds

Rationale :

🔸 Allergic rhinitis is triggered by aeroallergens like pollen, mold, and dust mites.

🔸 Symptoms include sneezing, runny nose, and nasal congestion.

🔸 These are inhaled allergens, not ingested or injected.

🔸 Seasonal worsening often occurs during spring and fall.

🔸 Management includes antihistamines and environmental control.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Hypotension
Tachycardia
Wheezing

Rationale :

🔸Hypotension: Vasodilation during anaphylaxis causes low blood pressure.

🔸Tachycardia: The heart speeds up to compensate for low perfusion.

🔸Wheezing: Bronchospasm causes airway narrowing and audible wheezing.

🔸These symptoms signal respiratory and circulatory collapse.

🔸 Immediate intervention with epinephrine is required.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Antihistamines

Rationale :

🔸 Antihistamines block histamine receptors, alleviating symptoms of allergic rhinitis.

🔸 These include sneezing, nasal itching, and rhinorrhea.

🔸 Common meds include loratadine, cetirizine, and diphenhydramine.

🔸 They are considered first-line therapy for mild-moderate symptoms.

🔸 May be used with intranasal corticosteroids for better control.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Hemolytic transfusion reaction

Rationale :

🔸 Giving the wrong blood type activates immune destruction of RBCs.

🔸 This causes hemolysis, fever, chills, and possible renal failure.

🔸 The reaction is rapid and can be fatal.

🔸 Prevention requires accurate blood typing and crossmatching.

🔸 Always monitor for signs during the first 15 minutes of transfusion.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Candidiasis

Rationale :

🔸 Oral thrush appears as white, creamy plaques on the tongue and buccal mucosa.

🔸 Common in immunocompromised clients, including AIDS patients.

🔸 Caused by Candida albicans, an opportunistic fungus.

🔸 May cause difficulty eating and swallowing.

🔸 Treated with nystatin rinse or oral antifungals.

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ATI LPN Advanced Medsurg Exam 2

No.

1 :
The nurse is educating a patient concerning use of an Epi-pen for a severe allergic reaction to peanuts.Which of the following statements, made by the patient, allows the nurse to know that the education must be reinforced?

2 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

4 :
The nurse knows that Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction involves which of the following?

5 :
The nurse knows that pernicious anemia is caused by which of the following?

6 :
The nurse would evaluate that the patient understands what triggers allergic rhinitis by which of the following patient responses?

7 :
The nurse knows the following are symptoms of anaphylaxis and they need to intervene quickly. (Select All that Apply.)

8 :
The most common medication category used to treat allergic rhinitis is which of the following?

9 :
The nurse knows that it is very important when giving a patient blood to make sure it is the correct blood type to avoid which of the following conditions?

10 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has AIDS. When checking the client's mouth, the nurse notes a white, creamy covering on the tongue and buccal membranes. The nurse should recognize this is a manifestation of which of the following conditions?

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ATI LPN Advanced Medsurg Exam 2

No.

1 : The nurse is educating a patient concerning use of an Epi-pen for a severe allergic reaction to peanuts.Which of the following statements, made by the patient, allows the nurse to know that the education must be reinforced?

2 : A nurse is collecting data from a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

4 : The nurse knows that Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction involves which of the following?

5 : The nurse knows that pernicious anemia is caused by which of the following?

6 : The nurse would evaluate that the patient understands what triggers allergic rhinitis by which of the following patient responses?

7 : The nurse knows the following are symptoms of anaphylaxis and they need to intervene quickly. (Select All that Apply.)

8 : The most common medication category used to treat allergic rhinitis is which of the following?

9 : The nurse knows that it is very important when giving a patient blood to make sure it is the correct blood type to avoid which of the following conditions?

10 : A nurse is collecting data from a client who has AIDS. When checking the client's mouth, the nurse notes a white, creamy covering on the tongue and buccal membranes. The nurse should recognize this is a manifestation of which of the following conditions?

1 :
The nurse is educating a patient concerning use of an Epi-pen for a severe allergic reaction to peanuts.Which of the following statements, made by the patient, allows the nurse to know that the education must be reinforced?

2 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

4 :
The nurse knows that Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction involves which of the following?

5 :
The nurse knows that pernicious anemia is caused by which of the following?

6 :
The nurse would evaluate that the patient understands what triggers allergic rhinitis by which of the following patient responses?

7 :
The nurse knows the following are symptoms of anaphylaxis and they need to intervene quickly. (Select All that Apply.)

8 :
The most common medication category used to treat allergic rhinitis is which of the following?

9 :
The nurse knows that it is very important when giving a patient blood to make sure it is the correct blood type to avoid which of the following conditions?

10 :
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has AIDS. When checking the client's mouth, the nurse notes a white, creamy covering on the tongue and buccal membranes. The nurse should recognize this is a manifestation of which of the following conditions?