Question

Nursing responsibility in patient education includes the following, except:

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

handing the patient information for them to learn on their own without guidance

Rationale :

📚Patient education is a professional nursing responsibility that requires assessment, tailored teaching, and evaluation—not passive handouts.

📚Nurses must ensure materials are comprehensible to the patient’s literacy level, language, and cultural context, then verify understanding (e.g., teach-back).

📚Simply distributing brochures fails to meet standards of care and does not document learning outcomes or readiness to learn.

📚There are legal and ethical obligations to provide individualized instruction and to document both the teaching provided and the patient’s response.

📚Quality and safety demand interactive guidance, opportunities for questions, and follow-up reinforcement, which cannot be achieved by handouts alone.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Signed consent required

Rationale :

✍️Colonoscopy is an invasive procedure that requires informed consent after discussing risks, benefits, alternatives, and sedation expectations.

✍️The nurse verifies that the provider obtained informed consent and that the patient is competent and voluntarily agrees.

✍️Consent must be signed before sedation and before the procedure begins, reflecting patient autonomy and legal protection.

✍️Pre-procedure teaching also covers bowel prep/clear liquids—but consent remains the non-negotiable legal prerequisite documented in the record.

✍️Confirming consent aligns with patient rights and regulatory standards, ensuring safe and ethical care.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

The LPN uses a swab to clean in a circular motion from the outer edge of the wound inwards in a narrowing circle

Rationale :

🩹Wound cleansing proceeds from clean to less clean—typically from the incision/center outward—to prevent dragging contaminants into the wound.

🩹Cleaning from the outside inward increases the risk of contamination and infection, contradicting aseptic principles.

🩹Correct technique uses new swabs for each pass, moving center → periphery or top-to-bottom on each side of an incision, never reversing direction.

🩹Maintaining a sterile field and using separate swabs for each stroke are correct practices that reduce microbial transfer.

🩹Supervisory intervention protects wound integrity, reinforces evidence-based asepsis, and prevents surgical site infections.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Aspiration pneumonia

Rationale :

🫁Pre-operative NPO status reduces gastric volume and acidity, lowering the risk that gastric contents will be regurgitated and aspirated under anesthesia.

🫁Airway reflexes are blunted with sedatives and anesthetics, making aspiration the primary concern when stomach contents are present.

🫁Aspiration can cause chemical pneumonitis, hypoxemia, and respiratory failure, so fasting guidelines are central to safety.

🫁NPO policies reflect current anesthesia standards (e.g., clear liquids up to 2 hrs, light meals longer), all aimed at aspiration risk reduction.

🫁Verifying and documenting NPO status is a core nursing responsibility in the pre-op checklist.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

"Palliative surgery is used to relieve some of the symptoms of the cancer such as pain and to improve the quality of the patient's life."

Rationale :

🟢Palliative procedures target symptom relief (e.g., pain, obstruction, bleeding) when cure is not feasible, prioritizing comfort and function.

🟢Goals are patient-centered: reduce suffering, enhance daily functioning, and support dignity during serious illness.

🟢Interventions may include debulking, bypass, or nerve blocks, chosen to minimize burden and maximize benefit.

🟢Palliative care integrates interdisciplinary support (nursing, medicine, psychosocial, spiritual) emphasizing quality of life.

🟢Nurses provide clear communication to align family expectations with the palliative intent—relief, not cure.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

evidence of patient education done before the consent form is signed
administration of ordered preoperative medications
a signed consent form
a complete history and physical examination.

Rationale :

Evidence of patient education before the consent form is signed

🫀Educating the patient about procedure purpose, risks, benefits, and alternatives ensures informed consent is truly informed.

🫀Documentation of education shows that the patient had the opportunity to ask questions and demonstrated understanding.

🫀This record supports legal/ethical standards and shared decision-making.

🫀It also establishes baseline expectations (e.g., recovery, activity limits), aiding post-procedure adherence.

🫀Thorough documentation promotes continuity across the care team.

Administration of ordered preoperative medications

🫀Records should show timing/doses of pre-op meds (e.g., anxiolytics, antiplatelet management, IV fluids) to align with safety protocols.

🫀Proper timing ensures hemodynamic stability and sedation readiness without drug interactions.

🫀Documentation enables providers to reconcile medications and monitor responses.

🫀It reduces medication errors and supports peri-procedural guidelines.

🫀 Accurate records are vital for quality assurance and legal protection.

A signed consent form

🫀Signed consent is a legal requirement before cardiac catheterization, reflecting patient autonomy.

🫀It confirms voluntary agreement after adequate disclosure by the provider.

🫀Nursing verification includes identity, competence, and absence of coercion.

🫀Consent must be obtained before sedation or pre-procedure transfer.

🫀Proper filing ensures quick team access and regulatory compliance.

A complete history and physical examination

🫀A current H&P identifies comorbidities (e.g., CKD, diabetes), allergies, and cardiopulmonary risk, informing sedation and contrast plans.

🫀It provides baseline vitals, cardiac status, and vascular access assessment, guiding procedure strategy.

🫀The H&P supports risk stratification and informed consent discussions.

🫀Up-to-date data help anticipate complications and plan post-procedure monitoring.

🫀Comprehensive assessment underpins safe, personalized care.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Foul-smelling, high fat stool that floats in water.

Rationale :

💩Steatorrhea is characterized by bulky, pale, oily, malodorous stools that often float and are difficult to flush.

💩It results from fat malabsorption due to conditions like pancreatic insufficiency, celiac disease, or bile acid disorders.

💩Patients may report oily residue in the toilet and weight loss or fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies (A, D, E, K).

💩Objective findings can include low fecal elastase or increased fecal fat on stool studies.

💩Recognizing this pattern directs evaluation toward malabsorption workup and nutritional support.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Diarrhea

Rationale :

🌀Hyperactive bowel sounds (high-pitched, frequent gurgles) typically indicate increased GI motility, commonly seen with diarrhea.

🌀They may accompany gastroenteritis, laxative use, or early mechanical obstruction, all featuring rapid transit.

🌀In diarrhea, fluid shifts and peristaltic surges produce persistent, audible activity on auscultation.

🌀Differentiating from hypoactive or absent sounds helps identify ileus or late obstruction instead.

🌀Correlating with history (stool frequency), hydration status, and electrolytes completes the assessment.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Bargaining.

Rationale :

🕊️Bargaining involves attempts to negotiate for more time or a different outcome (“If only… I will…”), often directed to a higher power.

🕊️It follows or overlaps with denial and anger and precedes depression and acceptance in Kübler-Ross’s model.

🕊️This stage reflects a search for control and meaning amid impending loss.

🕊️Nurses support patients with empathetic presence, therapeutic communication, and spiritual resources if desired.

🕊️Recognizing bargaining guides goal-concordant care and anticipatory guidance for patients and families.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

general anesthesia

Rationale :

😴General anesthesia induces a reversible state of unconsciousness, amnesia, analgesia, and skeletal muscle relaxation.

😴It requires airway management (e.g., ETT or LMA) because protective airway reflexes are suppressed.

😴Agents (inhaled/IV) are titrated by an anesthesia professional with continuous hemodynamic and ventilatory monitoring.

😴The depth of anesthesia facilitates pain-free surgical conditions and immobility for invasive procedures.

😴Post-anesthesia care includes airway/ventilation checks, pain control, and PONV prevention, ensuring safe emergence.

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NSG 1221 Summer 2025 Exam 3

No.

1 :
Nursing responsibility in patient education includes the following, except:

2 :
The nurse is preparing patient education for a patient who will have a colonoscopy. What information would a patient need prior to undergoing a colonoscopy?

3 :
An experienced LPN is supervising a newly licensed nurse perform a sterile wound dressing change. Which of the following actions would require Intervention by the supervising LPN?

4 :
The preoperative client reports to the nurse that she did not eat or drink anything after midnight on the day of surgery. The nurse knows this reduces the risk of which of the following complications?

5 :
The nurse is caring for a patient with metastatic colon cancer undergoing palliative surgery. The patient's family does not understand what that means. What statement does the nurse make to the family?

6 :
The nurse is aware that the medical record of a patient going for a cardiac catheterization should have: (Select all that apply.)

7 :
Steatorrhea is:

8 :
The nurse performs an abdominal assessment and discovers hyperactive bowel sounds. This is consistent with:

10 :
Which form of anesthesia results in a patient who is in a deep sleep state with muscle relaxation?

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NSG 1221 Summer 2025 Exam 3

No.

1 : Nursing responsibility in patient education includes the following, except:

2 : The nurse is preparing patient education for a patient who will have a colonoscopy. What information would a patient need prior to undergoing a colonoscopy?

3 : An experienced LPN is supervising a newly licensed nurse perform a sterile wound dressing change. Which of the following actions would require Intervention by the supervising LPN?

4 : The preoperative client reports to the nurse that she did not eat or drink anything after midnight on the day of surgery. The nurse knows this reduces the risk of which of the following complications?

5 : The nurse is caring for a patient with metastatic colon cancer undergoing palliative surgery. The patient's family does not understand what that means. What statement does the nurse make to the family?

6 : The nurse is aware that the medical record of a patient going for a cardiac catheterization should have: (Select all that apply.)

7 : Steatorrhea is:

8 : The nurse performs an abdominal assessment and discovers hyperactive bowel sounds. This is consistent with:

10 : Which form of anesthesia results in a patient who is in a deep sleep state with muscle relaxation?

1 :
Nursing responsibility in patient education includes the following, except:

2 :
The nurse is preparing patient education for a patient who will have a colonoscopy. What information would a patient need prior to undergoing a colonoscopy?

3 :
An experienced LPN is supervising a newly licensed nurse perform a sterile wound dressing change. Which of the following actions would require Intervention by the supervising LPN?

4 :
The preoperative client reports to the nurse that she did not eat or drink anything after midnight on the day of surgery. The nurse knows this reduces the risk of which of the following complications?

5 :
The nurse is caring for a patient with metastatic colon cancer undergoing palliative surgery. The patient's family does not understand what that means. What statement does the nurse make to the family?

6 :
The nurse is aware that the medical record of a patient going for a cardiac catheterization should have: (Select all that apply.)

7 :
Steatorrhea is:

8 :
The nurse performs an abdominal assessment and discovers hyperactive bowel sounds. This is consistent with:

10 :
Which form of anesthesia results in a patient who is in a deep sleep state with muscle relaxation?