Question

A nurse is administering a powdered medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Check the client for allergies.

Rationale :

♦️Checking for allergies is always the first priority in the medication administration process to prevent adverse reactions or anaphylaxis.

♦️ Administering a drug without verifying allergies can result in life-threatening complications and legal liability.

♦️ This step ensures client safety and aligns with the five rights of medication administration.

♦️ Allergy checks should include chart review and client confirmation.

♦️ All other steps occur after confirming the medication is safe to give.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Colonoscopy.

Rationale :

🧫 A colonoscopy is the gold standard for screening and diagnosing rectal and colorectal cancer.

🧫 It allows direct visualization of the entire colon and rectum, enabling biopsy of suspicious lesions.

🧫 It is recommended every 10 years starting at age 45–50, or earlier for high-risk individuals.

🧫 Other tests (e.g., ERCP or upper GI endoscopy) assess different sections of the digestive tract.

🧫 Colonoscopy also permits polyp removal, which can prevent cancer development.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Warm the enema solution to room temperature.

Rationale :

💧 Warming enema solution reduces abdominal cramping and promotes comfort during administration.

💧 Cold solutions can cause intestinal spasms and decreased effectiveness of the enema.

💧 Enemas are administered using clean, not sterile technique, since the rectum is not sterile.

💧 The proper position is left lateral, not right, to allow gravity-assisted flow into the colon.

💧 Lubrication is essential, but water-soluble lubricants are preferred over oil-based ones.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Intravenous.

Rationale :

✍️ The intravenous (IV) route provides immediate absorption as the drug is delivered directly into the bloodstream.

✍️ This results in the fastest onset of action, making it ideal for emergency and acute care situations.

✍️ Unlike enteral or topical routes, IV bypasses the digestive and first-pass hepatic metabolism.

✍️ IM routes are slower due to tissue absorption, and topical is the slowest due to skin barrier.

✍️ IV administration requires precise technique and monitoring for adverse effects.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

It absorbs liquid to form stool.

Rationale :

🎯 The large intestine plays a key role in absorbing water and electrolytes from indigestible food.

🎯 This process converts liquid chyme into formed stool ready for excretion.

🎯 The colon also stores fecal matter and assists in bacterial fermentation of undigested materials.

🎯 It does not secrete digestive enzymes or produce vitamin D.

🎯 Understanding its function is critical when managing clients with diarrhea, constipation, or fluid imbalances.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Dark-colored urine.

Rationale :

🟤 In dehydration, the kidneys conserve water, leading to concentrated, dark urine.

🟤 This is a key clinical sign, along with dry mucous membranes, hypotension, and poor skin turgor.

🟤 Normal urine should be light yellow to clear; dark urine indicates high solute concentration.

🟤 A urine specific gravity above 1.030 supports dehydration; 1.015 is within normal range.

🟤 Monitoring urine output and color is a quick, noninvasive assessment of hydration status.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

Fill out an incident report.

Rationale :

📋 Once a unit-dose medication is opened and not administered, it must be discarded, and the event documented.

📋 An incident report is required for accountability, even if no harm occurred, because the medication is wasted.

📋 This helps the facility track medication refusals and waste patterns for safety improvement.

📋 Returning the medication to the cart would violate safety and pharmacy regulations.

📋 The provider is not notified unless there are adverse outcomes or a change in the treatment plan.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Opioid narcotics.

Rationale :

💎 Opioids reduce gastrointestinal motility, leading to delayed stool passage and constipation.

💎 They suppress the enteric nervous system, decreasing peristalsis.

💎 This adverse effect is common and requires prophylactic stool softeners or laxatives.

💎 Other contributors include iron supplements and anticholinergics, but opioids are most potent.

💎 Nurses should educate clients on hydration, diet, and bowel management when prescribing opioids.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Dehydration.

Rationale :

⏺️ Persistent diarrhea leads to significant fluid and electrolyte loss, causing dehydration.

⏺️ Signs include dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, sunken eyes, and lethargy.

⏺️ Diarrhea also results in loss of potassium and bicarbonate, which may lead to metabolic acidosis.

⏺️ Vital signs may show tachycardia and hypotension, indicating hypovolemia.

⏺️ Fluid replacement and electrolyte monitoring are key nursing interventions.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Wait 30 seconds after applying the developing solution to obtain the results.

Rationale :

🟣 The fecal occult blood test (FOBT) requires waiting 30–60 seconds after applying the developer to observe color change.

🟣 A blue color indicates a positive result for occult (hidden) blood.

🟣 Two specimens from different areas of the stool should be collected for accuracy.

🟣 Toilet paper should never be used due to contamination risk.

🟣 This test helps screen for GI bleeding or colorectal cancer.

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QLexNursing

1 :
A nurse is administering a powdered medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

2 :
A nurse is planning care for a client who requires screening for rectal cancer. Which of the following tests should the nurse anticipate in the client's care?

3 :
A nurse is preparing to administer an enema to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

4 :
A nurse is teaching a class about routes of medication administration. The nurse should include that which of the following routes has the fastest rate of absorption?

5 :
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the function of the large intestine. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

6 :
A nurse is assessing a client who has dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

7 :
A nurse opens a unit-dose of a prescribed medication prior to administering it to a client. The client refuses to take the medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

8 :
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about adverse effects of medications. The nurse should include that which of the following medications can cause constipation?

9 :
A nurse is assessing a client who has had diarrhea for several days. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

10 :
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about obtaining a fecal occult blood test from a client. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

QLexNursing

1 : A nurse is administering a powdered medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

2 : A nurse is planning care for a client who requires screening for rectal cancer. Which of the following tests should the nurse anticipate in the client's care?

3 : A nurse is preparing to administer an enema to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

4 : A nurse is teaching a class about routes of medication administration. The nurse should include that which of the following routes has the fastest rate of absorption?

5 : A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the function of the large intestine. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

6 : A nurse is assessing a client who has dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

7 : A nurse opens a unit-dose of a prescribed medication prior to administering it to a client. The client refuses to take the medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

8 : A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about adverse effects of medications. The nurse should include that which of the following medications can cause constipation?

9 : A nurse is assessing a client who has had diarrhea for several days. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

10 : A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about obtaining a fecal occult blood test from a client. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

1 :
A nurse is administering a powdered medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

2 :
A nurse is planning care for a client who requires screening for rectal cancer. Which of the following tests should the nurse anticipate in the client's care?

3 :
A nurse is preparing to administer an enema to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

4 :
A nurse is teaching a class about routes of medication administration. The nurse should include that which of the following routes has the fastest rate of absorption?

5 :
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the function of the large intestine. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

6 :
A nurse is assessing a client who has dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

7 :
A nurse opens a unit-dose of a prescribed medication prior to administering it to a client. The client refuses to take the medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

8 :
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about adverse effects of medications. The nurse should include that which of the following medications can cause constipation?

9 :
A nurse is assessing a client who has had diarrhea for several days. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

10 :
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about obtaining a fecal occult blood test from a client. Which of the following information should the nurse include?