Question

A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal disease (GERD). Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the list of foods the client should avoid?

Answer 1

Correct Answers:

Chocolate

Rationale :

Chocolate contains caffeine and theobromine, which relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to reflux into the esophagus. It also increases gastric acid secretion, worsening GERD symptoms. Avoiding chocolate helps prevent heartburn and esophageal irritation.

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Answer 2

Correct Answers:

Perform leg exercises every 2 hr.
Irrigate the nasogastric tube every 4 to 8 hr.
Encourage hourly use of an incentive spirometer while awake.
Document the color, consistency, and amount of nasogastric drainage.

Rationale :

Leg exercises prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) post-surgery, while NG tube irrigation ensures patency and prevents clogging. Incentive spirometry reduces atelectasis, and proper documentation helps monitor for complications like bleeding or obstruction.

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Answer 3

Correct Answers:

Fatty stools

Rationale :

Cholelithiasis obstructs the common bile duct, preventing bile from reaching the intestines, which impairs fat digestion. This leads to steatorrhea (fatty, foul-smelling stools). Ecchymosis and left upper quadrant pain are unrelated, and straw-colored urine suggests hepatic obstruction, not bile duct blockage.

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Answer 4

Correct Answers:

Potassium 2.5 mEq/L

Rationale :

Severe hypokalemia (K+ < 3.5 mEq/L) is life-threatening, causing cardiac arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and respiratory failure. While dehydration (elevated specific gravity, weight loss) is concerning, potassium imbalance takes priority due to its immediate risk to cardiac and neuromuscular function.

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Answer 5

Correct Answers:

1110

Rationale :

Convert ounces to mL (1 oz = 30 mL): Coffee (8 oz = 240 mL), juice (3 oz = 90 mL), soda (12 oz = 360 mL), water consumed (300 mL – 200 mL = 100 mL), IV fluids (40 mL/hr × 8 hr = 320 mL). Total intake = 240 + 90 + 360 + 100 + 320 = 1110 mL.

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Answer 6

Correct Answers:

Albumin

Rationale :

Albumin is a protein produced by the liver that reflects a person’s nutritional status. Low albumin levels indicate malnutrition, which is common in conditions like anorexia where dietary intake is insufficient. Hypoalbuminemia can lead to fluid imbalances, edema, and impaired wound healing, making it an important marker for nutritional interventions.

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Answer 7

Correct Answers:

"l will consume less caffeine and spicy foods"
"l will sleep with the head of my bed elevated"

Rationale :

Caffeine and spicy foods can trigger acid reflux by irritating the gastric lining and relaxing the lower esophageal sphincter. Elevating the head of the bed helps reduce reflux by using gravity to keep stomach contents down.

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Answer 8

Correct Answers:

Request a potassium replacement

Rationale :

The client's potassium level is 3.0 mEq/L, which is below the normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L) and requires correction. Hypokalemia can lead to muscle weakness, cardiac arrhythmias, and fatigue, requiring prompt replacement. If left untreated, severe hypokalemia can lead to life-threatening cardiac complications.

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Answer 9

Correct Answers:

Clarithromycin

Rationale :

Helicobacter pylori is a bacterial infection that contributes to gastric ulcers, requiring antibiotic therapy for eradication. Clarithromycin is a commonly used antibiotic for H. pylori in combination with other medications like proton pump inhibitors. Effective treatment reduces ulcer recurrence and complications like perforation or bleeding.

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Answer 10

Correct Answers:

Administer pain medication.

Rationale :

Uncontrolled pain can lead to increased stress responses, delayed healing, and decreased mobility, which can increase the risk of complications such as pneumonia or deep vein thrombosis. Addressing the client’s pain first improves their comfort and facilitates participation in postoperative care. Pain control also prevents unnecessary stress on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

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QLexNursing

1 : A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of gastroesophageal disease (GERD). Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the list of foods the client should avoid?

2 : A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who had surgery for a bowel obstruction. The client has a nasogastric tube in place. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

3 : A nurse is collecting data from a client who has obstruction and inflammation of the common bile duct due to cholelithiasis. Which of the following findings is expected for this condition?

4 : A nurse is collecting data from a client who has acute gastroenteritis. Which of the following data collection findings should the nurse identify as the priority?

6 : A nurse is planning care for a client who has anorexia and has manifestations of malnutrition. When reviewing the clients laboratory values. which of the following test results should the nurse expect to be low?

7 : A nurse is reinforcing teaching about dietary recommendations for a client who has a hiatal hernia. Which of the following client statements indicates understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

8 : A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN): glucose 72 mg/dL, chloride 100 mEq/L, sodium 138 mEq/L, and potassium 3.0 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

9 : A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client who has a gastric ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori. The nurse should anticipate that in addition to cimetidine and sucralfate, the provider will prescribe which of the following?